Breather Structures and Peregrine Solitons in a Polarized Space Dusty Plasma

Abstract

In this theoretical investigation, we have examined the combined effects of nonthermally revamped polarization force on modulational instability MI of dust acoustic waves DAWs and evolution of different kinds of dust acoustic (DA) breathers in a dusty plasma consisting of negatively charged dust as fluid, Maxwellian electrons, and ions obeying Cairns’ nonthermal distribution. The nonthermality of ions has considerably altered the strength of polarization force. By employing the multiple-scale perturbation technique, the nonlinear Schrödinger equation NLSE is derived to study modulational MI instability of dust acoustic waves DAWs. It is noticed that influence of the polarization force makes the wave number domain narrow where MI sets in. The rational solutions of nonlinear Schrödinger equation illustrate the evolution of DA breathers, namely, Akhmediev breather, Kuznetsov–Ma breather, and Peregrine solitons (rogue waves). Further, the formation of super rogue waves due to nonlinear superposition of DA triplets rogue waves is also discussed. It is analyzed that combined effects of variation in the polarization force and nonthermality of ions have a comprehensive influence on the evolution of different kinds of DA breathers. It is remarked that outcome of present theoretical investigation may provide physical insight into understanding the role of nonlinear phenomena for the generation of various types of DA breathers in experiments and different regions of space (e.g., the planetary spoke and cometary tails).

Space Plasma Physics: A Review

“…Dusty plasmas have been found to support nonlinear DIA freak or rogue waves which are the rational solution of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) [833]. Singh and Saini [834] have shown that modulational instability of DA waves can give rise to different kinds of DA breathers and rogue waves in a dusty plasma system comprising negatively charged dust, Maxwellian electrons, and nonthermal ions. On the other hand, the presence of dust is shown to have a damping effect on stellar wind-driven instability [835].…”

Coupled Nonlinear Schrodinger (CNLS) Equations for two interacting electrostatic wavepackets in a non-Maxwellian fluid plasma model

“…In the context of plasma fluids, the NLS equations has been derived for the first times in the early '70s [8,9], and subsequently for a large variety of electrostatic plasma models. Recently, its localized solutions (envelope solitons, breathers) have in fact been associated with freak or rogue waves in plasmas [10,11,12,13]. Formally analogous NLS equations focusing on electromagnetic waves in plasmas modeled by fluid-Maxwell equations have been also derived [14,15,16].…”

Slowing down of charged particles in the dusty plasmas with a non‐thermal velocity α‐distribution

“…have revealed the universality of non-Maxwellian velocity distributions, [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] such as the familiar kappa-distribution and the kappa-like distributions in suprathermal space plasmas, [3,4] the power-law q-distribution in nonextensive statistics, [5] and the non-thermal α-distribution in solitary structures observed by the Freja satellite [6] etc, which in some physical situations have significantly different natures from those plasmas with a Maxwellian distribution. The non-thermal α-distribution is important because it may change the nature of ion sound solitary structures and allow the existence of structures very like those observed, [6] and thus widely affect other properties in various types of plasmas including dusty plasmas, such as shear-flow driven tripolar vortices, [11] solar wind interaction with dusty plasmas, [12] polarized space dusty plasmas, [13] dust-acoustic solitary waves, [14] shear-flow driven dissipative instability, [15] and Landau damping in dust-acoustic waves [16] etc.…”