Breathing pattern during sleep disruptive snoring

Abstract

Breathing disturbances during snoring have been quantified by face mask pneumotachography and oesophageal catheters. In order to nonobtrusively investigate respiratory mechanics during nonapnoeic snoring in relation to sleep disturbances, we employed calibrated respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP). In 10 snorers, RIP recordings were studied during nonapnoeic snoring without arousals in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, nonapnoeic snoring with repetitive arousals in NREM sleep and wakefulness. Results were compared to RIP recordings in undisturbed NREM sleep and wakefulness in seven healthy nonsnorers. Compared to wakefulness and undisturbed NREM sleep in nonsnorers, snoring was associated with predominant thoracic breathing, ribcage/abdominal asynchrony, and increased fractional inspiratory time. Preceding arousals during snoring, inspiratory flattening of time-derivatives of RIP volume signals, and marked ribcage/abdominal asynchrony indicated pronounced flow limitation. Low variation coefficients of respiratory cycle time (<10%) and tidal volume (<20%) discriminated snoring periods without arousals from snoring periods with arousals and from wakefulness periods, with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 99%. Snoring periods with arousals were identified by the presence of snoring combined with high coefficients of variation of cycle time (> or =10%) and tidal volume (> or =20%), with a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 100%. Thus, characteristic patterns of ribcage/abdominal motion recorded by respiratory inductive plethysmography differentiated breathing in sleep disruptive snoring from simple snoring.

Association of Respiratory Mechanic Instability and Respiratory Parameters among Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

“…Respiratory efforts against upper airway obstruction cause distortion of the chest wall and result in paradoxical motion of the rib cage (thorax) and/or abdomen 5 . These movements could be recorded with thoracoabdominal bands and respiratory inductive plethysmography 6 . In laboratory‐based polysomnography (level 1), the thoracoabdominal band is used with a nasal airflow sensor.…”

“…5 These movements could be recorded with thoracoabdominal bands and respiratory inductive plethysmography. 6 In laboratorybased polysomnography (level 1), the thoracoabdominal band is used with a nasal airflow sensor. The advantage of thoracoabdominal bands combined with nasal cannula is that the signal registered by the bands is not dependent on the patient having to breathe solely through the nose.…”

High-resolution respiratory inductive plethysmography in rats: validation in anesthetized conditions

“…This has been observed both in humans (Sivan andNewth 1990, Ulm et al 2014) and primates (Hammer et al 1995). Phasing measurement has been identified as a potential method for airflow limitation detection in humans (Bloch et al 1997). Such phasing parameters are not accessible with methods like PNT or whole body plethysmography that measure the global respiratory flow.…”

Effect of comprehensive rehabilitation on apnea hypopnea index in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a protocol for randomized controlled trial

“…Loud snoring, choking, and gasping during sleep are reported by the bed partners of these individuals with OSA [ 3 ]. The breathing pattern in OSA shows predominant thoracic breathing with a paradoxical motion of the abdomen [ 1 , 4 ]. Patients with OSA tend to have oral and oro-nasal breathing in sleep [ 5 ].…”