Breed, gender, age and reproductive status in relation to the predisposition for cranial cruciate ligament rupture in 117 dogs treated by a single surgeon (2010 - 2015) - a short communication

Abstract

rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) remains the most common canine orthopaedic problem seen in clinical practice. the present paper describes a population of 117 dogs with CCL rupture diagnosed by clinical examination followed by mini-arthrotomy. the dogs were treated from January 2010 to February 2015 at the Clinic for Surgery, Orthopaedics and Ophthalmology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia, by the same surgeon. The age, breed, gender and reproductive profile were analysed in relation to CCL rupture occurrence during the study and were discussed in relationship to previous published reports. Of the 117 dogs, 29.0% were mixed breed dogs and 13.7% Labrador retrievers as the most common. Males and females were equally affected. Bilateral rupture occurred in 5.85% cases, mostly in mixed breed females. Medial meniscal tear was observed in 22.2% of cases with mini-arthrotomy and probing. the average age of the small breed dogs was 8.3 years, and of the large breed dogs 4.2 years. Dogs aged 5 years and older had 2.5 times the likelihood of suffering from CCL rupture compared with dogs aged under 5 years (P<0.01).

Epidemiology of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Patellar Luxation in Dogs from the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina

“…Breed has been extensively studied in relation to cranial cruciate ligament rupture and patellar luxation in dogs. 1,12,17,18,22,25,30,[32][33][34] In the current study, such asso-ciation was significant with both conditions, having groups 2, 3 and 8 higher odds of having cranial cruciate ligament rupture. According to previous reports, terrier breeds have increased risk for cranial cruciate ligament rupture.…”

“…25 Results of the association of breed with body size showed that maxi and giant dogs had increased risk of having cranial cruciate ligament rupture, as already reported. 2,16,17,26,27,30,38 All dogs affected in groups 2 and 8 weighed more than 35 kg. In this sense, a recent study describes that the prevalence of stifle joint osteoarthritis at the time of cranial cruciate ligament rupture diagnosis was higher in dogs weighing more than 35 kg.…”

“…12,21,27 Adult and senior dogs had 8.2 and 4.3 times higher odds of having cranial cruciate ligament rupture, respectively, as already shown. 14,16,[28][29][30] According to the literature, structural properties of the cranial cruciate ligament are affected by age, and adaptive or degenerative changes due to age are associated with cranial cruciate ligament weakness. 31 On the other hand, no association between age groups and patellar luxation was observed; in fact, and consistent with published data 18,20 the control and patellar luxation groups had the same age frequency distributions.…”

SNP‐based heritability and genetic architecture of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in Labrador Retrievers

“…2017; Pećin et al . 2017). Conversely, the Greyhound, despite also being a large‐breed dog, has a low rate of CCLR, leading to the theory that there is a genetic influence on CCLR predisposition (Witsberger et al .…”