Breed predisposition to congenital alacrima in dogs

Abstract

Yorkshire terriers are significantly at risk for congenital alacrima compared to other breeds. The significance of the increase in congenital alacrima in Bedlington Terriers in this study may not be clinically relevant and may be due to the small total number of dogs of this breed that presented to the both hospitals. Based on the poor response to therapy in humans with congenital alacrima, it may be prudent to offer guarded prognoses for KCS in juvenile Yorkshire terriers.

Comparative clinical evaluation of tacrolimus and cyclosporine eye drops for the treatment of canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca

“…In the present study, unilateral KCS was diagnosed in one dog aged 4 years and in two younger animals aged 1 and 1.5 years, respectively. It is believed that when congenital alacrima is suspected, cyclosporine treatment should be administered as it tends to yield a better prognosis (Westermeyer et al, 2009). In the present study the cyclosporine treatment yielded no improvement in two Yorkshire Terrier dogs from Group I (a one-year-old male with unilateral KCS and a 12-year-old female with bilateral KCS), while in three other animals, an increase in STT I values and regression of clinical symptoms were observed.…”

“…However, immune-mediated KCS can affect this breed as much as any other dog. Lacrimal gland aplasia or hypoplasia should be considered in young dogs with severe unilateral ocular dryness (Herrera et al, 2007;Westermeyer et al, 2009). In the present study, unilateral KCS was diagnosed in one dog aged 4 years and in two younger animals aged 1 and 1.5 years, respectively.…”

Toward an Animal Model of the Human Tear Film: Biochemical Comparison of the Mouse, Canine, Rabbit, and Human Meibomian Lipidomes

“…Canines, however, could be used in less invasive experiments, or when larger amounts of meibum and tears are needed. Additionally, some breeds of canines, such as spaniels, terriers, Lhasa Apso, and Shih-Tzu, among others, [38][39][40] are prone to dry eye, need to be treated for this condition, and can possibly be used as a natural model of humans with the same disease. As the relative intensities of signals with m/z of 369 (Chl þ CE) and the group of WE is very similar for humans, canines, and mice, one can predict that the overall molar ratios of these compounds in the three species will be found to be close, too.…”

Caracterização clínica e histopatológica de bulbos oculares de cães e gatos (2005-2015)

“…Tais perfurações foram predominantemente associadas a complicações de quadros de ceratoconjuntivite seca (CCS) e lesões traumáticas proveniente de mordeduras. Cães da raça Poodle e braquicefálicos como Shih Tzu, Pug e Lhasa Apso, incriminados como predisponentes às alterações do filme lacrimal (Slatter 2008), foram os mais acometidos por perfurações oculares decorrentes de complicações da CCS, tida como uma afecção inflamató-ria progressiva da córnea e da conjuntiva causada por deficiência na produção lacrimal (Grahn & Sandmeyer 2007, Slatter 2008, Westermeyer et al 2009, Matheis et al 2012, Barachetti et al 2015. A ruptura das estruturas corneais (epitélio, estroma, membrana de Descemet e endotélio), edema corneal, descolamento de retina, neovascularizações superficiais e profundas associadas a infiltrados inflamatórios foram comumente encontrados, evidenciando a cronicidade das lesões (Slatter 2008, Mc Gavin & Zachary 2009.…”