Breeding Biologies, Pollinators, and Seed Beetles of Two Prairie-Clovers,<i>Dalea ornata</i>and<i>Dalea searlsiae</i>(Fabaceae: Amorpheae), from the intermountain West, USA

Cane, James H.; Weber, Melissa; Miller, Stephanie A.

doi:10.3398/064.072.0102

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The two plants exhibit minor taxonomic differences. D. ornata tends to have more crowded, compact flower spikes, for example, and leaflets up to 20 mm that are widely ovate to elliptic compared to those of D. searlsiae , which are up to 16 mm and obovate to oblong. , It may not be surprising, therefore, that constituents found recently in D. searlsiae were also isolated from extracts of D. ornata in the present study. Herein, the structures and associated biological activities of one new and nine known flavonoids, including two rotenoids and one pterocarpan, are reported.…”

supporting

confidence: 68%

Phenolic Metabolites of Dalea ornata Affect Both Survival and Motility of the Human Pathogenic Hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum

Deardorff¹,

Ray²,

Winterstein³

et al. 2016

J. Nat. Prod.

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Hookworms are ubiquitous human parasites, infecting nearly one billion people worldwide, and are the leading cause of anemia and malnutrition in resource-limited countries. Current drug treatments rely on the benzimidazole derivatives albendazole and mebendazole, but there is emerging resistance to these drugs. As part of a larger screening effort, using a hamster-based ex vivo assay, anthelmintic activity toward Ancylostoma ceylanicum was observed in the crude extract of aerial parts of Dalea ornata. These studies have led to the isolation and characterization of phenolic metabolites 1–10. The structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and the absolute configuration of 1 was assigned using electronic circular dichroism data. The new compound, (2S)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-6,7,4′-trihydroxyflavanone (1), was weakly active at 7.3 µM, with 17% reduction in survival of the hookworms after 5 days. The rotenoids deguelin (9) and tephrosin (10), predictably perhaps, were the most active, with complete worm mortality observed by day 4 (or earlier) at 6.3 and 6.0 µM, respectively. The effects of 1–10 on hookworm motility and on toxicity to hamster splenocytes were also explored as important measures of treatment potential.

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supporting

confidence: 68%

Phenolic Metabolites of Dalea ornata Affect Both Survival and Motility of the Human Pathogenic Hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum

Deardorff¹,

Ray²,

Winterstein³

et al. 2016

J. Nat. Prod.

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“…Most D. ornata sites across the sampled 3-state region yielded mixed seed infestations of both Apion amaurum Kissinger and Acanthoscelides oregonensis Johnson ( Fig. 1, Table 1; Cane et al 2012). At the 29 sites where sampled populations of As.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed-Feeding Beetles (Bruchinae, Curculionidae, Brentidae) from Legumes(Dalea ornata, astragalus filipes)and Other Forbs Needed for Restoring Rangelands of the Intermountain West

Cane

Johnson

Nápoles

et al. 2013

Western North American Naturalist

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Seed-feeding beetles (Bruchinae, Curculionidae, Brentidae) from Seed-feeding beetles (Bruchinae, Curculionidae, Brentidae) from legumes ( legumes (Dalea ornata, Astragalus filipes Dalea ornata, Astragalus filipes) and other forbs needed ) and other forbs needed for restoring rangelands of the Intermountain West for restoring rangelands of the Intermountain West (2013) "Seed-feeding beetles (Bruchinae, Curculionidae, Brentidae) from legumes (Dalea ornata, Astragalus filipes) and other forbs needed for restoring rangelands

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“…Predispersal seed predation of some species of Dalea by seed-eating beetles (Hendrix 1994;Cane et al 2012) and rodents (Howe et al 2002) is common and may also affect D. villosa. Some disturbance-dependent plants have become rare because the disturbance that they were adapted to colonizie is no longer occurring at all or as frequently due to anthropogenic landscape changes (Pavlovic 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutualistic and antagonistic networks involving the rare silky prairie-clover (Dalea villosa var. villosa) and its co-flowering plants and insect visitors

RobsonDiana

2014

Botany

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In Canada, silky prairie-clover (Dalea villosa var. villosa (Nutt.) Spreng) is a nationally rare plant, growing only in sand dunes in Saskatchewan and Manitoba. Previous research indicates that this species is incapable of self-pollination, making it dependent on insect pollinators for successful reproduction. The insect visitor community to D. villosa in Spruce Woods Provincial Park (SWPP), Manitoba, was documented and compared with that of 13 co-flowering plants that share some of its insect visitors. In total, 29 insect taxa were observed feeding on nectar or pollen from D. villosa. Hymenoptera were the most frequent visitors, comprising 60.7% of the taxa and making 93.5% of all visits. The visitation rate per stem to D. villosa (0.0042 stems·min -1 ) was the second highest of all of the plants with which it was compared. The insect visitor diversity was 4.0 (Simpson's reciprocal index), and the constancy index was 0.72. The high visitation rate, diversity, and constancy to this species may be due to a lack of competition for pollinators. Over half of the insect visitor taxa (54%) and visits (68%) were by omnivorous insects, as opposed to herbivorous ones. This means that there is interconnectivity between a mutualistic network involving D. villosa and several antagonistic networks. Résumé: Au Canada, la dalée soyeuse (Dalea villosa var. villosa (Nutt.) Spreng) constitue une plante rare à l'échelle nationale, venant seulement dans des dunes de sable en Saskatchewan et au Manitoba. Les recherches antécédentes indiquent que cette espèce est incapable d'autopollinisation, la rendant ainsi dépendante d'insectes pollinisateurs pour réussir sa reproduction. On a documenté la communauté d'insectes visiteurs sur le D. villosa dans le parc provincial Spruce Woods, au Manitoba et on l'a comparée à celle de 13 espèces fleurissant sur le même site, partageant certains des insectes visiteurs. Au total, on a observé 29 taxons d'insectes se nourrissant du nectar ou du pollen du D. villosa. Les visiteurs les plus fréquents sont des hyménoptères comportant 60,7 % des taxons effectuant 93,5 % de toutes les visites. Le taux de visite sur les tiges du D. villosa (0,0042 tige par minute) est le second plus fréquent pour l'ensemble des plantes comparées. La diversité des insectes visiteurs est de 4,0 (index réciproque de Simpson) et l'index de constance de 0,72. Le taux élevé de visites ainsi que la diversité et la constance chez cette espèce pourraient être attribuables à l'absence de compétition pour les pollinisateurs. Plus de la moitié des taxons des insectes visiteurs (54 %) et des visites (68 %) représentent des insectes omnivores, comparativement aux herbivores. Ceci signifie que la présence d'interconnectivité entre un réseau mutualiste impliquant le D. villosa et plusieurs réseaux antagonistes. [Traduit par la Rédaction]Mots-clés : réseau antagoniste, taux de visite par des insectes, réseau mutualiste, plante rare, pollinisation.

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Breeding Biologies, Pollinators, and Seed Beetles of Two Prairie-Clovers,Dalea ornataandDalea searlsiae(Fabaceae: Amorpheae), from the intermountain West, USA

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Phenolic Metabolites of Dalea ornata Affect Both Survival and Motility of the Human Pathogenic Hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum

Phenolic Metabolites of Dalea ornata Affect Both Survival and Motility of the Human Pathogenic Hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum

Seed-Feeding Beetles (Bruchinae, Curculionidae, Brentidae) from Legumes(Dalea ornata, astragalus filipes)and Other Forbs Needed for Restoring Rangelands of the Intermountain West

Mutualistic and antagonistic networks involving the rare silky prairie-clover (Dalea villosa var. villosa) and its co-flowering plants and insect visitors

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