Breeding biology of Pale-breasted Thrush Turdus leucomelas (Turdidae) in the north of Atlantic Forest, Brazil

Ruiz, Nicolás Luciano; Araújo, Priscilla Sabino Amorim de; Lima, José Victor Fernandes de; Ferreira, Pedro Vitor Silva; Andrade, Lidiane Medeiros de; Pichorim, Mauro

doi:10.1007/bf03544386

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In our study area, Pale‐breasted Thrushes typically breed from September to December, and pairs have up to three nesting attempts per breeding season, but no more than two successful broods a year (Davanço et al 2013). Nests are robust low cups ~ 13.2 cm in external diameter and 10.2 cm in height, composed by a mix of vegetal material (mainly roots, moss, and fibers) and mud (Ruiz et al 2017), usually placed on forks of tree trunks or in or on buildings (Batisteli et al 2021). Clutch size is usually three eggs (range = 1–4; Davanço et al 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nest reuse by Pale‐breasted Thrushes reduces the chance of cowbird parasitism and allows earlier initiation of breeding

Batisteli

Sarmento²,

Pizo

2021

J. Field Ornithol.

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Selection of safe nest sites is a first step toward improving the chances of breeding successfully. Reusing old nests can save time and energy for breeding birds, but nest reuse is rare among open‐cup nesting songbirds and the factors contributing to this behavior and its consequences for reproductive output remain little known. We studied an urban population of Pale‐breasted Thrushes (Turdus leucomelas) in southeastern Brazil to determine whether nest reuse (1) was more likely after a successful nesting attempt both within and between breeding seasons, (2) affected the number of fledglings in the next nesting attempt, (3) reduced the chances of nest parasitism by Shiny Cowbirds (Molothrus bonariensis), and (4) was associated with earlier initiation of nests at the beginning of breeding seasons and shorter re‐nesting intervals within breeding seasons. We monitored 266 nests from 2010 to 2019 and obtained data on 130 re‐nesting events by individually marked birds. Nest reuse was more frequent after successful nesting attempts within breeding seasons. New nests were more likely to be parasitized by cowbirds, which had a negative effect on the number of fledglings per clutch. Reusing nests allowed earlier initiation of breeding at the start of breeding seasons, but did not shorten re‐nesting intervals within seasons. Nest reuse by Pale‐breasted Thrushes followed the win‐stay lose‐switch strategy and corroborated the time‐saving hypothesis. Our results suggest that nest reuse may increase the fitness of Pale‐breasted Thrushes by reducing the likelihood of cowbird parasitism.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nest reuse by Pale‐breasted Thrushes reduces the chance of cowbird parasitism and allows earlier initiation of breeding

Batisteli

Sarmento²,

Pizo

2021

J. Field Ornithol.

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“…The cloacal temperature was recorded in Hauxwell's Thrush here for the first time, and it is similar to that recorded for the Pale-breasted Thrush (Turdus leucomelas) in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso by Oniki & Willis (1999). In contrast to other Turdus species (i.e., T. leucomelas), which reproduce throughout the year (for a review, see Ruiz et al 2017), Hauxwell's Thrush appears to have a breeding season restricted to a few months of the rainy season in the Rio Branco's region (Duarte 2007), between November and March, which matches the period of greatest abundance of feeding resources in the equatorial region (Poulin et al 1992). For Hauxwell's Thrush, the molt also appears to coincide with the breeding season, as observed in the Pale-breasted Thrush (Ruiz et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In contrast to other Turdus species (i.e., T. leucomelas), which reproduce throughout the year (for a review, see Ruiz et al 2017), Hauxwell's Thrush appears to have a breeding season restricted to a few months of the rainy season in the Rio Branco's region (Duarte 2007), between November and March, which matches the period of greatest abundance of feeding resources in the equatorial region (Poulin et al 1992). For Hauxwell's Thrush, the molt also appears to coincide with the breeding season, as observed in the Pale-breasted Thrush (Ruiz et al 2017). This differs from the Whitethroated Thrush (Turdus albicollis) in Central Amazonia, where Johnson et al (2011) recorded no overlap between molt and breeding season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The nest of the Hauxwell's Thrush is of the low cup/ base type (Simon & Pacheco 2005), which is typical for thrushes (Ruiz et al 2017, Oliveira Jr. et al 2014, Sainz-Borgo 2014, and the nest-building materials and the dimensions of the nest were similar to those recorded in Perú (Sandoval-H et al 2018). This species, like the Spectacled Thrush (Turdus nudigenis, Sainz-Borgo 2014), does not typically use clay (or "mud") to line the exterior of the nest, and in the our study area, the nests were lined basically with mosses and roots, which makes the nests lighter and more irregular in shape than those of the Black-billed Thrush (Figure 2D).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We believe that the most likely factor was feeding constraint (Slagsvold & Wiebe 2007); in this case, when the chicks hatch asynchronously, the parents may begin to prioritize the older nestlings over the younger ones and provide them with larger and more succulent prey or fruit, causing the youngest to starve (Slagsvold & Wiebe 2007). Low nestling survival rates have been recorded not only in other Turdus species (Halupka & Greeney 2009, Ruiz et al 2017), but also in many other passerine species (Mezquida & Marone 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Update on the Breeding Biology and Biometry of Hauxwell’s Thrush (Turdus Hauxwelli) From Lowland Southwestern Brazilian Amazon

Guilherme

Lima

2020

Ornitol. Neotrop.

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The Neotropical region is home to a large number of species of the genus Turdus. While the breeding biology of this genus is well known in general, data are scant for some Amazonian species, including Hauxwell’s Thrush (Turdus hauxwelli). Here, we present new data on the breeding and biometry of T. hauxwelli based on field observations and captures in a fragment of terra firme forest in southwestern Amazonia, Brazil. We monitored six active nests between 2012 and 2014, and collected data on the incubation and nestling phases on five nests. The nests were built at a mean height of 1.9 m (range: 0.53–3.2 m) above the ground. We estimated incubation time as 13–14 days. We monitored the development of 11 nestlings in four nests. The mean weight of the newly-hatched nestlings was 6.56 g (range: 4.3–9.0 g [SD = 2.27]). The constant (K) of the growth rate in the nestlings was 0.43 (range: 0.31–0.51; SE=0.03), with an asymptote of 51.1 g (range: 45.04 - 62.32; SE= 0.31). The daily survival rate of the nests during the incubation phase was 97%. However, the survival rate during the nestling phase was only 12%. Mayfield’s success was 70% during the incubation phase and 21% during the development of the nestlings, whereas apparent success was 75% in the incubation phase and 27% in the nestling phase. We banded and measured 64 adult individuals, 13 juveniles, and four nestlings in 2005 and between 2009 and 2017. Minimum longevity, calculated from the recapture of banded individuals, was 6 years, 3 months and 11 days (or 2298 days after banding). Our results indicate that T. hauxwelli has a breeding season restricted to a few months of the rainy season (November–March), which overlaps with molt.

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Sex-specific seasonal body mass variation in the Pale-breasted Thrush (Turdus leucomelas)

2021

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Breeding biology of Pale-breasted Thrush Turdus leucomelas (Turdidae) in the north of Atlantic Forest, Brazil

Cited by 7 publications

References 70 publications

Nest reuse by Pale‐breasted Thrushes reduces the chance of cowbird parasitism and allows earlier initiation of breeding

Nest reuse by Pale‐breasted Thrushes reduces the chance of cowbird parasitism and allows earlier initiation of breeding

An Update on the Breeding Biology and Biometry of Hauxwell’s Thrush (Turdus Hauxwelli) From Lowland Southwestern Brazilian Amazon

Sex-specific seasonal body mass variation in the Pale-breasted Thrush (Turdus leucomelas)

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