Breeding for Promiscuous Soybeans at IITA

Tefera, Hailu

doi:10.5772/14533

Cited by 35 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…More intriguing are the recent findings that modern genotypes could be less intensively colonized by AMF than ancestral ones (Lehmann, Barto, Powell, & Rillig, 2012). On the other hand, legume-rhizobial symbiosis has been shown to vary with crop cultivar, for example, promiscuous soybean cultivars nodulate and fix nitrogen with a wider diversity of indigenous rhizobia than nonpromiscuous cultivars (Tefera, 2011). Thus, more comprehensive studies on crop diversification and microbial interactions are needed to enhance microbial symbiosis in smallholder systems.…”

Section: Soil Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop Diversification: A Potential Strategy To Mitigate Food Insecurity by Smallholders in sub-Saharan Africa

Njeru

2013

JAFSCD

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Citation: Mugendi Njeru, E. (2013). Crop diversification:A potential strategy to mitigate food insecurity by smallholders in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 3(4) AbstractAs of 2010, about 239 million people in subSaharan Africa (SSA) were projected to be undernourished. With this figure expected to rise, concerted efforts to boost food production at the realm of global challenges such as climate instability and decline of nonrenewable resources are imperative. Food production in SSA presently faces the unprecedented challenge of producing sufficient and healthy food for the surging human population, while seeking to conserve the environment and reduce the use of nonrenewable resources and energy. Although over the past half century conventional agriculture has generally improved agricultural production in many parts of the world, this has come at high economic and environmental costs since intensive agriculture relies heavily on off-farm inputs. Conventional agriculture is also dependent on the use of specific crop varieties or hybrids that have been bred specifically to exploit high-input conditions. Conversely, crop varieties used in high-input systems are not often adapted to low-input farming, a key element of many smallholder farming systems. The exploitation of crop genetic diversity as a strategy to increase food production by smallholders in SSA and elsewhere in the world has not been critically examined. This aspect may provide new insights to global food insecurity since crop diversification is a fundamental tool for improving yield stability and crop resilience under changing climatic conditions.

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Section: Soil Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop Diversification: A Potential Strategy To Mitigate Food Insecurity by Smallholders in sub-Saharan Africa

Njeru

2013

JAFSCD

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“…The rest were two International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA) bred varieties called, TGx1740-2F and TGx1448-2E, but locally known in Kenya as SB19 and SB20, respectively. These two varieties are promiscuous, and SB19 is medium maturing; while SB20 is late maturing (Tefera, 2011). The two varieties were new introductions in Western Kenya, and hence testing their performance against a local variety was prudent to encourage adoption.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoot water content and reference evapotranspiration for determination of crop evapotranspiration

Omondi¹,

Mungai²,

Ouma³

et al. 2017

Afr. Crop Sci. J.

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“…Soybean is one of the five oldest cultivated crops and was utilized by the Chinese as a source of food before 2500 BC (Gibson et al, 2005). Nigeria is the largest producer of soybean in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), followed by South Africa (Tefera, 2015). Commercial soybean production on large farms takes place in Zambia, Zimbabwe and South Africa (Tefera, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Nigeria is the largest producer of soybean in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), followed by South Africa (Tefera, 2015). Commercial soybean production on large farms takes place in Zambia, Zimbabwe and South Africa (Tefera, 2015). However, it is mostly cultivated by small-scale farmers in other parts of Africa where it is planted as a minor food crop among sorghum, maize, or cassava.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemicals Associated With Callosobruchus Chinensis Resistance in Soybean.

MsiskaU¹,

ijar²,

MieshoB³

et al. 2018

IJAR

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Soybean is a very important crop worldwide because of its 40% protein and 20% oil content. However, soybean suffers damage from bruchid (Callosobruchus chinensis) during storage. Understanding of factor(s) contributing to bruchid resistance is useful for development of soybean cultivars with genetic resistance to bruchid damage. Biochemicals associated with resistance to Callosobruchus chinensis were investigated on eight soybean genotypes with varying levels of resistance. Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed amongst genotypes with regards to antinutritional factors particularly total antioxidants (TAOX), tannins, peroxidase (POD), and flavonoids. There were no significant differences among genotypes with regards to nutritional factors particularly proteins, starch, lipid peroxidation, and reducing sugars. A resistant genotype AVRDC G8527 had the highest concentration of total antioxidants (1.98 AU min -1 mg -1 ) and tannins (1.85mg TAE 100g -1 ) followed by Maksoy 3N while the least was in a very susceptible genotype AGS 292 (TAOX=0.39 AU min -1 mg -1 , Tannin=0.296 mg TAE 100g -1 ). AGS 292 had the highest concentration of flavonoids (31.22 mg QE 100g -1 ) while AVRDC G8527 had the least (5.13 mg QE 100g -1 ). Peroxidase activity was highest in AVRDC G89 (0.27AU min -1 mg -1 ) while AGS 292 had the least (0.07AU min -1 mg -1 ). From the correlation analysis, a significant strong negative relationship between flavonoids and tannin (r=-0.73 ** ) and TAOX (r=-0.71 ** ) but a positive non significant relationship with phenolic (r=0.22) and alkaloids (r=0.37) was recorded. Peroxidase activity had a significant relationships with median development period (r=0.69 * ) indicating that increased peroxidase activity resulted into increased seed resistance through prolonged insect development period. There was a strong relationship between tannins and total antioxidants (r=0.99 ** ). These results indicate that secondary metabolites; peroxidase, tannin, and TAOX were biochemicals associated with higher resistance to C. chinensis in soybean while flavonoids were associated with higher susceptibility.Copy Right, IJAR, 2018,. All rights reserved. Corresponding Author:-Msiska U. M. ISSN: 2320-5407Int. J. Adv. Res. 6(5), 292-305is an annual legume that belongs to the legume family Fabaceae and is classed as an oil crop (Singh et al., 2007). Soybean is one of the five oldest cultivated crops and was utilized by the Chinese as a source of food before 2500 BC (Gibson et al., 2005). Nigeria is the largest producer of soybean in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), followed by South Africa (Tefera, 2015). Commercial soybean production on large farms takes place in Zambia, Zimbabwe and South Africa (Tefera, 2015). However, it is mostly cultivated by small-scale farmers in other parts of Africa where it is planted as a minor food crop among sorghum, maize, or cassava. In Africa, Uganda is the second largest consumer of soybean following Nigeria (Murithi et al., 2016). Soybean is among the major industrial, feed and food crops gro...

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Breeding for Promiscuous Soybeans at IITA

Cited by 35 publications

References 21 publications

Crop Diversification: A Potential Strategy To Mitigate Food Insecurity by Smallholders in sub-Saharan Africa

Crop Diversification: A Potential Strategy To Mitigate Food Insecurity by Smallholders in sub-Saharan Africa

Shoot water content and reference evapotranspiration for determination of crop evapotranspiration

Biochemicals Associated With Callosobruchus Chinensis Resistance in Soybean.

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