Breeding of Spring Bread Wheat for Resistance to Foliar Diseases in the Southern Ural

Gultyaeva, E. I.; Tyunin, V. A.; Shreyder, E. R.; Kushnirenko, I. Yu.; Shaydayuk, E. L.; Kovalenko, N. M.; Bondarenko, N. P.; Kolesova, M. M.

doi:10.31857/s2500262721010026

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This is due to the fact that Russian populations of the leaf rust pathogen are not simultaneously virulent to Lr9 and Lr26. However, in pathogen populations, there is widespread occurrence of virulence to Lr9 along with Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3a, Lr3bg, Lr3ka, Lr10, Lr14a, Lr14b, Lr15, Lr17, Lr18, Lr20 and Lr30 [10,11].…”

Section: Cultivars and Promising Lines Of Soft Spring Wheat Produced In Chriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, some promising wheat lines range from moderately susceptible to moderately resistant to tan spot. The severity of this disease has been increasing in the southern Ural since mid-2010 [10,14]. No significant differences in cultivar reaction were found in response to inoculation by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr) races that produce different toxins (ToxA, ToxB and ToxA−) (Table 2).…”

Section: Of 18mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Protection of Soft Wheat from Diseases in the Southern Ural of Russia and Virulence Variability of Foliar Pathogens

Kushnirenko¹,

Shreyder²,

Bondarenko³

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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The southern Ural is consistently among the 10 best regions in Russia for agricultural production, including wheat. Breeding in the Chelyabinsk Research Institute of Agriculture aims to develop wheat cultivars genetically protected from the main diseases (leaf and stem rust, septoria leaf blotch and tan spot). The genes for resistance to leaf rust, Lr1, Lr9, Lr10 and Lr26/Sr31, alone or in combination, are widespread in cultivars grown in the southern Ural. In 2012, a new wheat cultivar, Chelyaba 75, was proposed for commercial production in the southern Ural, being highly resistant to leaf rust with the highly effective genes LrSp and SrSp transferred from the cuckoo line with the genetic material Aegilops speltoides. Isolates virulent to cv. Chelyaba 75 were not found in Russian populations of Puccinia triticina. Additionally, for a long period, genes Lr29, Lr 41, Lr42, Lr45, Lr47, Lr50, Lr51, Lr53 and Lr57 were characterized by high efficiency. Virulence frequencies to other Lr genes vary annually, but no races with new virulence have been identified. The resistance of lines with the Sr31 and Sr24 genes indicates that the Puccinia graminis population does not contain genotypes with the potentially damaging race Ug99. Mixed septoria and tan spot infections occurred in the southern Ural, with the latter dominating. Races producing the exotoxin ToxA are widely distributed in Pyrenophora tritici-repentis populations. Two causal agents of septoria leaf blotch (Parastagonospora nodorum and P. avenae f. sp. tritici) occur in the region, with the first dominating. Aggressiveness of P. nodorum isolates to wheat cultivars was higher than that of P. avenae f. sp. tritici. All Parastagonospora isolates showed the presence of the SnTox3 marker. SnToxA and SnTox1 markers were found in P. nodorum isolates, usually separately, but in one isolate, these genes were found together. The analysis of the genetic diversity of wheat cultivars grown in the southern Ural, and the pathogenic complex present, indicate that pathogens continuously evolve under the influence of the host plant.

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Section: Cultivars and Promising Lines Of Soft Spring Wheat Produced In Chriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Of 18mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Protection of Soft Wheat from Diseases in the Southern Ural of Russia and Virulence Variability of Foliar Pathogens

Kushnirenko¹,

Shreyder²,

Bondarenko³

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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“…Возделывание яровой пшеницы на территории Павлодарской области, характеризующейся резкой континентальностью климата и дефицитом влаги в почве, -перспективное направление растениеводства северо-востока Казахстана [1], так как пшеница обладает высокой стрессоустойчивостью к климатическим факторам среды и продуктивностью в засушливых условиях, характерных для исследуемого региона. Особенности эколого-географических зон -не единственный показатель продуктивности яровой пшеницы [2][3][4]. В качестве важного фактора, определяющего и влияющего на объемы получаемого урожая, необходимо отметить фитосанитарное состояние посевов и насаждений [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Monitoring of the species composition of spring wheat pests in the North-East of Kazakhstan

Ualiyeva,

Kaverina

2023

bulbioenu

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To prevent losses of wheat yield from pests, it is necessary to update information on the patterns of formation of the phytosanitary situation in agrobiocenoses, according to which protective measures are planned and organized. The aim of the scientific study is to monitor the phytophages of spring wheat according to ecological and geographical zones in the North-East of Kazakhstan (on the example of Pavlodar region). In the course of research, the evolutionary-ecological strategies of adaptations and life cycle tactics of phytophages in spring wheat crops, their trophic relationships, migration routes from crops to stations, and vice versa, influence of weather conditions of the growing season on reproduction, nutrition and their activity in agrocenoses, depending on the development phase of wheat were studied. The results obtained showed that starting from the germination and up to the stem elongation phase, cereal crops were colonized by latent-stem pests and Phyllotreta vittula. Schizaphis graminum, Psammotettix striatus, Trigonotylus ruficornis and Haplothrips tritici dominated in the stem elongation and heading phases. Haplothrips tritici in two forms (larvae and adults) and Schizaphis graminum dominated in the phase of grain formation-filling and milk development phase. The study showed that during the initial phases of wheat development, the majority of pests develop and feed on wild weed plants, subsequently migrating to the cereals. Thus, the conducted spring wheat crops research identified a complex of dominant crop pests (Haplothrips tritici, Chaetocnema hortensis, Phyllotreta vittula, Trigonotylus ruficornis, Psammotettix striatus) in the conditions of the North-East of Kazakhstan, but their distribution in general across the districts of the region and for different precedings is uneven.

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Breeding of Spring Bread Wheat for Resistance to Foliar Diseases in the Southern Ural

Cited by 2 publications

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Genetic Protection of Soft Wheat from Diseases in the Southern Ural of Russia and Virulence Variability of Foliar Pathogens

Genetic Protection of Soft Wheat from Diseases in the Southern Ural of Russia and Virulence Variability of Foliar Pathogens

Monitoring of the species composition of spring wheat pests in the North-East of Kazakhstan

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