Breeding programmes for TSE resistance in British sheep

Roden, J.A.; Nieuwhof, G.J.; Bishop, Stephen; Jones, D. A.; Haresign, W.; Gubbins, Simon

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2005.08.002

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Specifically, we examined the association between the frequency of protective PRNP haplotypes and chronic wasting disease prevalence across northern Illinois. Previous studies have focused on the impact of individual genotypes on susceptibility to CWD [34–39] finding that some genotypes were associated with reduced susceptibility, although not to the extent reported for some PRNP genotypes in other TSEs such as scrapie [49,50]. Previous studies with a population genetics approach have utilized neutral markers (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the geographic distribution of prion protein gene sequence variation on patterns of chronic wasting disease spread in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)

Brandt

Green

Ishida

et al. 2018

Prion

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Managing and controlling the spread of diseases in wild animal populations is challenging, especially for social and mobile species. Effective management benefits from information about disease susceptibility, allowing limited resources to be focused on areas or populations with a higher risk of infection. Chronic wasting disease (CWD), a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy that affects cervids, was detected in Colorado in the late 1960s. CWD was detected in Illinois and Wisconsin in 2002 and has since spread through many counties. Specific nucleotide variations in the prion protein gene (PRNP) sequence have been associated with reduced susceptibility to CWD in white-tailed deer. Though genetic resistance is incomplete, the frequency of deer possessing these mutations in a population is an important factor in disease spread (i.e. herd immunity). In this study we sequenced 625 bp of the PRNP gene from a sampling of 2433 deer from Illinois and Wisconsin. In north-central Illinois where CWD was first detected, counties had a low frequency of protective haplotypes (frequency <0.20); whereas in northwestern Illinois counties, where CWD cases have only more recently been detected, the frequency of protective haplotypes (frequency >0.30) was much higher (p < 0.05). Protective haplotype frequencies varied significantly among infected and uninfected geographic areas. The frequency of protective PRNP haplotypes may contribute to population level susceptibility and may shape the way CWD has spread through Illinois. Analysis of PRNP haplotype distribution could be a useful tool to assess CWD risk and allocate resources to contain and reduce the spread of infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the geographic distribution of prion protein gene sequence variation on patterns of chronic wasting disease spread in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)

Brandt

Green

Ishida

et al. 2018

Prion

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“…Differently, under SchemeB only candidate males from the herds belonging to the nucleus are genotyped, as in a compulsory programme for herds of high genetic merit, in which the aim is to produce bucks for breeding in other herds [23]. In both cases, the number of genotyped candidates and the proportion of carriers of favourable alleles at the beginning of the selection plan play a key role in determining the programme’s effectiveness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of response to selection is likely to be less until resistant bucks can be produced in sufficient number to implement the strategy [23]. Because the frequency of this allele is often low in Central-Northern European goat populations [7, 24], breeding for resistance to scrapie using K as a marker will be challenging, especially if only natural mating is used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experience of sheep breeding programmes shows that this is a theoretical situation; in practice, the results may well differ from those expected of the model. Nevertheless, the variation in frequencies amongst herds would not have a significant effect on the programme’s effectiveness within the total population, if participating farmers apply similar selection criteria to PRNP and make the effort to ensure gene flow between herds [23]. Compliance is a key factor and it should be pursued whether voluntary or compulsory planning is instituted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We estimated the potential evolution of goat PRNP genotypes using a deterministic model, as previously proposed by the EFSA [22] and Roden [23] to monitor the effectiveness of sheep breeding programmes for resistance to classical scrapie. It was assumed that the resistance-associated allele was dominant and that KK and KQ animals showed almost identical resistance; nevertheless, KK bucks were ultimately preferred.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting the impact of selection for scrapie resistance on PRNP genotype frequencies in goats

Sacchi

Rasero

et al. 2018

Vet Res

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The European Union has implemented breeding programmes to increase scrapie resistance in sheep. A similar approach can be applied also in goats since the K222 allele provides a level of resistance equivalent to that of ARR in sheep. The European Food Safety Authority stated that breeding for resistance could be offered as an option for Member States to control classical scrapie in goats. We assessed the impact of different breeding strategies on PRNP genotype frequencies using a mathematical model that describes in detail the evolution of K222 in two goat breeds, Chamois Coloured and Saanen. Different patterns of age structure and replacement rate were modelled as factors affecting response to selection. Breeding for scrapie resistance can be implemented in goats, even though the initial K222 frequencies in these breeds are not particularly favourable and the rate at which the resistant animals increase, both breeding and slaughtered for meat production, is slow. If the goal is not to achieve the fixation of resistance allele, it is advisable to carry out selection only until a desired frequency of K222-carriers has been attained. Nucleus selection vs. selection on the overall populations is less expensive but takes longer to reach the desired output. The programme performed on the two goat breeds serves as a model of the response the selection could have in other breeds that show different initial frequencies and population structure. In this respect, the model has a general applicability.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13567-018-0518-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Surveillance and Response to Disease Emergence

Merianos

2007

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

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Breeding programmes for TSE resistance in British sheep

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

Influence of the geographic distribution of prion protein gene sequence variation on patterns of chronic wasting disease spread in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)

Influence of the geographic distribution of prion protein gene sequence variation on patterns of chronic wasting disease spread in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)

Predicting the impact of selection for scrapie resistance on PRNP genotype frequencies in goats

Surveillance and Response to Disease Emergence

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