Breeding Strategies to Improve Production of Agave (Agave spp.)

Agave pulquero (Agave salmiana), socio-economic and agro-ecological importance and its development perspectives: a literature review

“…The maguey (common name for individuals of the Agave genus), originated about 12 million years ago in the arid regions of the current territory of northern Mexico and the southern United States of America (MONJA- MIO et al, 2019). They are perennial plants that maintain a crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), a low demand for nutrients, and efficient use of water (GUZMÁN & CONTRERAS, 2018), they can survive in extreme conditions, including high altitude mountain places, they have a single event reproductive in their life, and contain a high concentration of fructans as reserve substances (CASTILLO et al, 2019).…”

“…Besides, biotechnological research has been generated on industrial (HOLTUM et al, 2011;NAVA-CRUZ et al, 2015), agrifood (SANTOS-ZEA et al, 2016;ÁLVAREZ-RÍOS et al, 2020a), and the genetic potential of agave (MONJA-MIO et al, 2019;ÁLVAREZ-RÍOS et al, 2020b); however, the transfer of technology and applied science to enhance rural development has been minimal (ESCALANTE et al, 2016). Therefore, the pulque agribusiness is maintained with low technification, in a condition of informality, coupled with the poor application of public policies on the production, use, and marketing of pulque and other maguey products (BLAS-YAÑEZ et al, 2018 ).…”

“…Agroecological studies focus on three main aspects: i) variability, taxonomy, and eco-geographical distribution of species (AGUILAR et al, 2014;TORRES et al, 2016), which describe the agaves used for pulque and mead production (ROJAS et al, 2007;COLUNGA-GARCÍA et al 2007;REYES-AGÜERO et al, 2019); ii) ecological functions (MORENO-CALLES et al, 2013;TORRES-GARCÍA et al, 2019), with emphasis on genetic erosion and reduction of cultivated areas (FLORES-BENÍTEZ et al, 2007;ROJAS et al, 2007;REYES-AGÜERO et al, 2019) and iii) genetic improvement to improve productivity and conserve threatened wild species. The research by MONJA-MIO et al, (2019) and NAVA-CRUZ et al, (2015), highlights the importance of in situ, in vivo, and in vitro techniques for the conservation of germplasm. Biotechnological development is essential to optimize the production, diversification, and technology transfer of agave pulquero in the future (PUENTE-GARZA et al, 2015).…”

“…Blas-Yañez & Thomé-Ortiz (ESCALANTE et al, 2004;TOVAR-ROBLES et al, 2011) to infer its usefulness in gastrointestinal disorders (VILLAREAL-MORALES et al, 2019;MIRAMONTES-CORONA et al, 2019), and develop functional foods (RIVERA et al, 2010;FRÍAS et al, 2016;GILES-GÓMEZ et al, 2016); ii) agricultural biotechnology for genetic improvement (MONJA-MIO et al, 2019), in vitro micropropagation (SILOS-ESPINO et al, 2007) and obtaining active components of industrial interest (PUENTE-GARZA et al, 2015 ). iii) Energy biotechnology to obtain cellulose (NAVA-CRUZ et al, 2015), bioethanol (DAVIS et al, 2011;HOLTUM et al, 2011;LÁINEZ et al, 2019), biogas, and hydrogen (RIVERA-VARGAS et al, 2016), light biomaterials (NARVÁEZ-ZAPATA & SÁNCHEZ-TEYER, 2009) and as an adherent of composite polymers (HAQUE et al, 2016).…”

Proximate Composition and Spatio-temporal Heterogeneity of Phytochemicals in Agave sisalana (sisal) adapted in different agro-ecological zones of Punjab, Pakistan

“…It is a monocarpic plant that forms an in orescence after 6 to 9 years then dies (Asfaw, 2011). Sisal reproduction is mainly asexual via suckers originating from the rhizomes and bulbils (Monja-Mio et al, 2019). It has been reported to constitute various biochemical, phytochemical, and antioxidant such as sugars (Arrizon et al, 2010), and a considerable amount of alkaloidal amines, avonoids, sterols, steroidal alkaloids, and sapogenins, glycosides, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, and avonoids (Debnath et al, 2010;Ajayi et al, 2011), most of which demonstrated to possess analgesic, anti-in ammatory, anthelmintic, gastroprotective, antioxidant, antiviral, antimycotic, antibacterial, antituberculosis, bactericidal and insecticidal activities (Hamissa et al, 2012;Viel et al, 2017).…”