Brevetoxin B5, a new brevetoxin analog isolated from cockle Austrovenus stutchburyi in New Zealand, the marker for monitoring shellfish neurotoxicity

Ishida, Hideyuki; Nozawa, Akira; Hamano, Hiromitsu; Naoki, Hideo; Fujita, Tsuyoshi; Kaspar, Heinrich F.; Tsuji, Kiichiro

doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.10.124

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…results). In the case of K. concordia, both brevetoxin and metabolites were detected in cultures (Chang et al, 2006) and in shellfish-flesh during the K. concordia dominated blooms respectively (Ishida et al, 1995(Ishida et al, , 1996(Ishida et al, , 2004Morohashi et al, 1995Morohashi et al, , 1999Murata et al, 1998;McNabb and Holland, 2003;McNabb et al, 2005). Given that the distinctive action of KcTx against thecal plates of A. catenella, observed in this study, is not known to be typical of brevetoxin, the involvement of as yet unknown active compounds of the lipid extract cannot be ruled out.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Toxic effects of three closely-related dinoflagellates, Karenia concordia, K. brevisulcata and K. mikimotoi (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) on other microalgal species

Chang

2011

Harmful Algae

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The toxicity was eventually characterised as neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP), linked to brevetoxin and derivatives (Ishida et al, 1995(Ishida et al, , 1996(Ishida et al, , 2004Morohashi et al, 1995Morohashi et al, , 1999Murata et al, 1998). During this period a Gymnodinium sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic effects of three closely-related dinoflagellates, Karenia concordia, K. brevisulcata and K. mikimotoi (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) on other microalgal species

Chang

2011

Harmful Algae

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“…In the negative ion daughter ion spectrum for [MÀH] À , the base peak at m/z 111 for BSX-5 is postulated to arise from a cleavage across the terminal ether ring. This fragment ion is also observed for brevetoxin-B5 (Ishida et al, 2004) which contains a carboxylate side chain. In BSX-4 this base peak is shifted to m/z 137, arising from the same cleavage to give m/z 155 followed by facile loss of the hydroxyl group as water.…”

Section: Structural Characterisation Of Bsxsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…The portion of the structure giving broad or no NMR peaks is presumed to consist of three flexible 7-, 8-or 9-membered ether rings with one double bond and a tertiary methyl group (broadened singlet observed at 1.24 ppm). The structure for BSX-5 is postulated, on the basis of micro-reactions and MS/MS data (see below), to be the same as BSX-4 but with a shorter side chain by the the C 2 H 2 O formulae difference and conjugation of the carboxy group as in brevetoxin-B5 (Ishida et al, 2004). This remains to be confirmed by NMR.…”

Section: Structural Characterisation Of Bsxsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Novel toxins produced by the dinoflagellate Karenia brevisulcata

et al. 2012

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“…Btx-2 (type B) currently is assumed to be the most abundant in algae (landsberg, 2002;Plakas and Dickey, 2010). It currently is assumed that human exposure occurs via consumption of shellfish, mollusks, and finfish, and that humans are primarily exposed to BTX-metabolites formed by shellfish, mollusks, and finfish rather than to the parent toxin molecules (Abraham et al, 2008(Abraham et al, , 2006Dickey et al, 1999;Fire et al, 2008;Ishida et al, 1996Ishida et al, , 2004aIshida et al, ,c, 1995Morohashi et al, 1995Morohashi et al, , 1999Murata et al, 1998;Plakas and Dickey, 2010;Plakas et al, 2002;Shimizu et al, 1986;Wang et al, 2004).…”

Section: Pectenotoxin Poisoning (Pep) Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A roadmap for hazard monitoring and risk assessment of marine biotoxins on the basis of chemical and biological test systems

Daneshian

2013

ALTEX

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Summary Aquatic food accounts for over 40% of global animal food products, and the potential contamination with toxins of algal origin -marine biotoxins -poses a health threat for consumers. The gold standards to assess toxins in aquatic food have traditionally been in vivo methodssingle marine biotoxins or combinations of marine biotoxins and intoxication symptomatology as well as monitoring the "success" of controls implemented during fishery and aquaculture production, processing, and retailing. For this reason, a workshop was organized in ermatingen, Switzerland by the Center for Alternatives to Animal testing -europe (CAAteurope) within the framework of the transatlantic think tank for toxicology (t 4 ).In contrast to other food products where hygiene and potential contamination with microbes or mold toxins is the prime issue, the emphasis in aquatic products (shellfish and finfish) is, beyond viral and bacterial contaminations, primarily placed on potential contamination with marine biotoxins owing to the numerous and recurring human intoxications.The gold standards to assess toxins in aquatic food have traditionally been in vivo methods, i.e., the mouse and the rat bioassays. Besides the ethical issues of in vivo bioassays there are specific difficulties, e.g., different exposure route (i.p. versus oral), low inter-species comparability, high intra-species variability, and questionable extrapolation of quantitative risk to humans, thus highlighting the need for the development of more reliable detection and quantification methods. Based on this reasoning, the european Food Safety Authority (eFSA) advocates the use of an analytical method, i.e., LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography coupled Mass Spectrometry), as a substitute for in vivo bioassays for almost all classes of marine toxins. However, although lC-MS is a very sensitive method that has the advantages of being able to detect multiple toxins in a single analysis and being good for confirming the identity of toxins, the quality of quantitative analysis is dependent on the availability of calibration standards. While many new toxin structural analogues have been detected and identified using LC-MS, this technique -as with most other methods -is not good at detecting new toxin types. When new toxin analogues are detected but accurate standards are not yet available, only an approximate quantitation is possible using estimated response factors.For the purpose of risk assessment of food, however, it is imperative to focus on the possible adverse effects, independent of whether they stem from one toxin or a combination of toxins. As toxicity is defined by functional and structural changes of biological systems, the development of a human-relevant in vitro system for appropriate risk assessment of marine biotoxins in seafood stands to reason. Moreover, poor correlation of human intoxications, of acute symptomatology and long-term adverse effects, and of predictive in vitro, in vivo, and analytical detection methodologies of marine biotoxins stems not least from a...

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Brevetoxin B5, a new brevetoxin analog isolated from cockle Austrovenus stutchburyi in New Zealand, the marker for monitoring shellfish neurotoxicity

Cited by 34 publications

References 13 publications

Toxic effects of three closely-related dinoflagellates, Karenia concordia, K. brevisulcata and K. mikimotoi (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) on other microalgal species

Toxic effects of three closely-related dinoflagellates, Karenia concordia, K. brevisulcata and K. mikimotoi (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) on other microalgal species

Novel toxins produced by the dinoflagellate Karenia brevisulcata

A roadmap for hazard monitoring and risk assessment of marine biotoxins on the basis of chemical and biological test systems

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