Bridging disconnected networks of first and second lines of biologic therapies in rheumatoid arthritis with registry data: bayesian evidence synthesis with target trial emulation

Bujkiewicz, Sylwia; Singh, Janharpreet; Wheaton, Lorna; Jenkins, David; Martina, Reynaldo; Hyrich, Kimme L; Abrams, Keith R.

doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2022.06.011

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…We retrieved 3133 unique records, of which 200 were included in the review (Figure 1). All reasons for excluding records after full-text review are given in eAppendix 6 in Supplement 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One-hundred and fifteen studies (58%) completely reported how the target trial protocol was emulated. Eighty-seven studies (44%) provided both the protocol of the target trial and described how it was emulated (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seventy studies (35%) reported in the title that the study aimed to emulate a target trial; 180 (90%) did so in the Methods section. Twenty studies (10%) reported the study was prospectively registered, 16 of these 20 (80%)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twenty studies (10%) reported the study was prospectively registered, 16 of these 20 (80%) also provided information on how to access the registration. One hundred and twenty-six studies (63%) specified whether a randomized clinical trial could be feasibly conducted; 61 (31%) stated that the randomized clinical trial was possible. Of the studies that stated a randomized clinical trial was possible, uncertainty in the generalizability of available trial findings was the most common reason for the target trial emulation (22 of 61 [36%]) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies (187 [94%]) reported the set of variables that authors had decided to adjust for (eg, because they were potential confounders) in analyses, and 77 (39%) reported how these variables were selected. One hundred and thirty-one studies (66%)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reporting of Observational Studies Explicitly Aiming to Emulate Randomized Trials

Hansford,

Cashin,

Jones

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceObservational (nonexperimental) studies that aim to emulate a randomized trial (ie, the target trial) are increasingly informing medical and policy decision-making, but it is unclear how these studies are reported in the literature. Consistent reporting is essential for quality appraisal, evidence synthesis, and translation of evidence to policy and practice.ObjectiveTo assess the reporting of observational studies that explicitly aimed to emulate a target trial.Evidence ReviewWe searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science for observational studies published between March 2012 and October 2022 that explicitly aimed to emulate a target trial of a health or medical intervention. Two reviewers double-screened and -extracted data on study characteristics, key predefined components of the target trial protocol and its emulation (eligibility criteria, treatment strategies, treatment assignment, outcome[s], follow-up, causal contrast[s], and analysis plan), and other items related to the target trial emulation.FindingsA total of 200 studies that explicitly aimed to emulate a target trial were included. These studies included 26 subfields of medicine, and 168 (84%) were published from January 2020 to October 2022. The aim to emulate a target trial was explicit in 70 study titles (35%). Forty-three studies (22%) reported use of a published reporting guideline (eg, Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology). Eighty-five studies (43%) did not describe all key items of how the target trial was emulated and 113 (57%) did not describe the protocol of the target trial and its emulation.Conclusion and RelevanceIn this systematic review of 200 studies that explicitly aimed to emulate a target trial, reporting of how the target trial was emulated was inconsistent. A reporting guideline for studies explicitly aiming to emulate a target trial may improve the reporting of the target trial protocols and other aspects of these emulation attempts.

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“…We retrieved 3133 unique records, of which 200 were included in the review (Figure 1). All reasons for excluding records after full-text review are given in eAppendix 6 in Supplement 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%