Bridging the Yield Gaps of Major Cereals through Agronomic Interventions in Nepal

Abstract

Agricultural production is due to the exploitation of soil, water and energy. The objective of this review work was to identify the yield gap of major crops viz. rice, maize, wheat, and finger millet and their causes. An attempt has been made to suggest the potential agronomical interventions that reduce the yield gaps. Rice, wheat, and finger millet yields in all agro-ecological zones are declining, although yield trends of maize were reported to have increased in the Terai due to the increased use of hybrids. The yield gap can be minimized with assured irrigation and appropriate agronomic practices such as the use of the quality seed, timely planting with appropriate establishment methods, timely intercultural operations, soil fertility, moisture, weeds, diseases, insect pests and post-harvest management along with growing high-yielding and stable genotypes resilient to climate change. It is obvious that there must be a strong interaction between plant breeding and agronomy for enhanced crop production. Therefore, some of the potential agronomical technologies that contribute to increase the crop yields thereby reduce the yield gaps have been discussed in this article.

Factors of Agricultural Transformation in Nepal

“…Access to sufficient quantity, quality, price, and timeliness; knowledge and efficiency of use of the available inputs; environmental sustainability; fair competition in the distribution system; an assured domestic supply system; and subsidies for agriculture inputs remain persistent problems. This has resulted in a significant productivity gap between current and potential production (Karki et al, 2022). There is high potentiality for increasing agriculture productivity in Nepal.…”