Brief Report: Virologic and Immunologic Outcomes for HIV Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

Abstract

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text.

Overview of SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults living with HIV

“…52 No major consequences on progression in people living with HIV receiving ART are expected, but there is an absence of data for long-term follow-up. 52,53 Standard confirmation of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection relies on detecting unique viral sequences by nucleic acid amplification tests, such as real-time RT-PCR. The assay targets include regions on the E, RdRP, N, and S genes of SARS-CoV-2.…”

The Complexity of Co-Infections in the Era of COVID-19

“…There are citations of unique co-infections of SARS-CoV-2 with other systemic viral illnesses [101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111]. Such coinfection was particularly of interest in the context of chronic HIV infection where persistent immunocompromise or enhanced infection susceptibility otherwise might allow for either of the infections to be more severe than not [104][105][106]112]. HIV-1 co-infection is associated with altered T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2, and this phenomenon was also observed for Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infections [110].…”

SARS-CoV-2 Portrayed Against HIV: Contrary Viral Strategies in Similar Disguise

“…A modeling study estimated that the most significant risk of the COVID-19 pandemic on PWH comes from interrupted ART in resource-limited countries [533]. COVID-19 cases were reported, where SARS-CoV-2 infection increased HIV-1 viral load and thus might foster HIV-1 viral rebound [534].…”