A B S T R A C TAlthough self-presentation has been studied for decades, social networking sites (SNS) such as Facebook have produced novel opportunities for visual online self-presentation. Posting selfies is currently a popular mode of consciously constructing visual online self-presentations, yet most prior research is limited to selfie-posting alone. This study aimed to profile selfie-makers' motivations and behavior, and examine the extent to which underlying mechanisms preceding selfie-posting are interconnected. Results of a survey (N = 224; 79.9% females; M age = 21.66, SD age = 2.08) regarding selfie-behavior on SNS (e.g., Facebook and Instagram) characterized selfie-makers in emerging adulthood as mainly concerned with the social aspects of selfies. Entertainment and moment-retention were identified as main motivations for selfie-making. Findings supported the proposed Selfie-Stadium Model, representing various steps of selfie-taking and underlying motives as well as selection and editing before actual posting. This study on profiling selfie-makers and their self-presentation taps into a fairly new media use research domain.T as influencing one's body image (McLean et al., 2015). Especially selfie-viewing can influence self-esteem and life satisfaction (Wang, Yang, and Haigh, 2017). It is important to not only investigate selfie-posting but also behaviors leading up to selfie-posting. Consciously constructing an online visual self-presentation is not only comprised by posting a selfie, but is rather explained by underlying behaviors related to constructing a selfie. No study has yet investigated the direct relations between underlying selfie-related behaviors (i.e., motives, pre-occupation, selection, editing, and posting), and how selfie-makers can be profiled in terms of underlying characteristics. This study aims to fill the gap in the literature in two ways. First, it assesses the various steps that selfie-makers can pass through before selfies are posted online instead of solely focusing on the act of posting. Second, this study addresses characteristics of selfie-makers that will contribute to our understanding of why and who post selfies. Therefore, this study aims to (a) profile characteristics of selfie-makers in an emerging adult sample in the Netherlands, and (b) examine the extent to which underlying selfie-related behaviors preceding actual posting are interconnected.
Self-presentationIn the current online media landscape, selfie-behavior makes up a large part of how individuals visually present themselves on SNS. Here, SNS like Facebook and Instagram serve as platforms for selfies that are generally designated for larger audiences. This section discusses this relatively new phenomenon of selfie-behavior in light of communication theorizing. To start, posting selfies online is a form of online self-presentation. Early research on self-presentation by Goffman (1959) suggested that social behaviors can be identified as differing in front stage and back stage behaviors. With front stage, he me...