“…This interdisciplinary body of work – European Studies in empirical and methodological orientation, as opposed to contemporary ‘EU Studies’ (McGowan , p. 8; Warleigh‐Lack, ) – looks to the historical, cultural and background ideas informing Britain's policy responses to European integration dilemmas. This work takes various guises: British politics and/or foreign policy that have an explicit (Baker and Seawright, ; Deighton, ; Williams, ; Holden, ; Oppermann, ) or has a composite European focus (Turner, ; Gaskarth, ); the history of British diplomacy toward the EC/EU (George, ; Ludlow, ; Wilkes, ; Parr, ; Gowland et al ., ; Pine, ); political parties, civil society and other sectoral interests and European integration (Turner, ; Coupland, ; Crowson, ; Usherwood, ; Broad and Daddow, ; Lynch, ; Fitzgibbon, ); and accounts of the symbolism and cultural capital attached to Eurosceptical readings of the British (influentially, Colley, ) – but most often English – national ‘character’ (Marcussen et al ., , pp. 111–4; Redwood, , pp.…”