Brittle-tough transition in nylon-rubber blends: effect of rubber concentration and particle size

Borggreve, R.J.M.; Gaymans, R.J.; Schuijer, J.; Housz, J. F. Ingen

doi:10.1016/0032-3861(87)90348-x

Cited by 398 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…were carried out by Borggreve et al 1. They found that with increasing rubber content the TBT decreased and the impact strength in the brittle as well as in the tough region increased.…”

Section: Notched Izod Impact Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nylon-6/rubber blends: 7. Temperature-time effects in the impact behaviour of nylon/rubber blends

Dijkstra

Wevers

Gaymans

1994

Polymer

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The deformation and fracture behaviour in notched tension of nylon-6/polybutadiene blends is studied as a function of strain rate and temperature. The sensitivity of the fracture behaviour to strain rate and temperature decreases with increasing rubber content. Unmodified nylon-6 can show ductile behaviour below Tg, when the strain rate is sufficiently low. No discontinuous change in fracture energy is observed when passing the T 8 of the matrix in the case where the fracture type is already ductile. The fracture energy appeared to decrease with increasing rubber content (tested in tension as well as tested with the Izod impact test) when the fracture type was ductile. In the case of ductile behaviour, fracture is preceded by massive yielding of the entire cross-section of the specimen.(Keywords: nylon-rubber blend; impact behaviour; temperature--time effects)

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“…were carried out by Borggreve et al 1. They found that with increasing rubber content the TBT decreased and the impact strength in the brittle as well as in the tough region increased.…”

Section: Notched Izod Impact Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The BC 303 and the M258 were fed in the first zone with a total supply rate of 2 kg h -x. The barrel temperature was 260°C and the screw speed 100 rev min- 1 The specimens (according to ISO 180/1A) were injection moulded on an Arburg Allrounder 221-55-250. The notch has been milled in the specimen.…”

Section: Blend Preparation and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nylon-6/rubber blends: 7. Temperature-time effects in the impact behaviour of nylon/rubber blends

Dijkstra

Wevers

Gaymans

1994

Polymer

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“…al. [9][10][11][12], em estudos de tenacificação de PA6 com EPDM, sugeriram que em condições de tensão onde os mecanismos de fissuramento e cisalhamento são similares, ou seja, à baixas temperaturas, ocorre uma transição dúctil-frágil (D-B) no polímero. Na Fig.…”

Section: Mecanismos De Tenacificaçãounclassified

“…Apesar da ampla aplicação como polímero de engenharia, por causa da elevada resistência à tração, resistência química, à abrasão e alto ponto de fusão, as poliamidas são muito sensíveis na presença de entalhe e frágeis em baixas temperaturas. Por isso, a obtenção de novos materiais com alta resistência ao impacto é estudada através do desenvolvimento de blendas de poliamidas com elastômeros como a borracha natural [7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

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Utilização de Elastômeros como Modificadores de Impacto em Poliamidas

Rocetto

Zeni

Brandalise³

2016

Sci. cum Ind.

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A utilização de elastômeros como modificadores de impacto em blendas poliméricas é um assunto continuamente explorado em estudos que buscam aprimorar o desempenho de polímeros frágeis, sem a necessidade de grandes investimentos em produção como o desenvolvimento de novos polímeros para aplicações específicas. As poliamidas são polímeros de engenharia com propriedades térmicas e mecânicas atrativas, porém apresentam limitações na resistência ao impacto, principalmente em baixas temperaturas e na presença de entalhe, característica que pode ser modificada com a presença de uma fase elastomérica dispersa na matriz. Existem diversos fatores que influenciam na tenacificação de poliamidas e de polímeros frágeis em geral com elastômeros, que vão desde as propriedades físicas, mecânicas e térmicas isoladas de cada componente da blenda, às características da mistura, como a termodinâmica, compatibilidade, adesão e tensão interfacial, forma de obtenção e condições de processamento, até as propriedades finais da blenda como o comportamento térmico, dinâmico-mecânico e a morfologia que é extremamente importante e define o comportamento mecânico do material tenacificado. Esses tópicos são abordados nesta revisão, trazendo os aspectos importantes em relação aos elastômeros e suas misturas com poliamidas com o objetivo de tenacificação, e ainda resultados de estudos realizados ao longo dos anos até os dias de hoje com diferentes tipos de poliamidas e de elastômeros, que auxiliam no entendimento do comportamento destes tipos de blendas. Palavras-chaveElastômeros, modificadores de impacto, poliamida, blendas poliméricas, tenacificação. Use of Elastomers as Impact Modifiers in Polyamides AbstractThe use of elastomers as impact modifiers in polymeric blends is a continuously explored subject in studies that aim to improve the performance of brittle polymers, without requiring large investments in production and development of new polymers for specific applications. Polyamides are engineering polymers with attractive thermal and mechanical properties. However, they still present limitations in impact behavior, especially at low temperatures and in the presence of notch, a characteristic which can be solved with the presence of a rubbery phase dispersed on the matrix. There are several factors that influence the toughening of polyamides and brittle polymers in general with elastomers, which go from physical, mechanical and thermal properties of each isolated component of the blend, to the characteristics of the mixture, such as thermodynamics, compatibility, adhesion and interfacial tension, processing ways and conditions, until the final properties of the blend, as thermal and dynamic-mechanical behavior and the morphology, which is extremely important and defines the mechanical behavior of the toughened material. These issues are approached on this review, bringing the important aspects regarding elastomers and their blends with polyamides for toughening, and also discussion from studies conducted over the years to the present day...

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“…Considering the fact that elastomers have commonly been adopted as a second-phase polymer for toughening many kinds of brittle polymer materials, such as epoxy [35,36], polypropylene [37], poly(methyl methacrylate) [38], and so on, it becomes very interesting and important to look for or design/synthesize the new biobased and biocompatible elastomers to toughen PLA. Recently we have developed novel bioelastomers from polymerizing commercial biobased monomers-sebacic acid, itaconic acid, succinic acid, propanediol and butanediol-all of which are derived from renewable resources [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employing a novel bioelastomer to toughen polylactide

Kang

Qiao

Wang

et al. 2013

Polymer

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ABSTRACT. Biodegradable, biocompatible polylactide (PLA) synthesized from renewable resources has attracted extensive interests over the past decades and holds great potential to replace many petroleum-derived plastics. With no loss of biodegradability and biocompatibility, we highly toughened PLA using a novel bioelastomer (BE)-synthesized from biomass diols and diacids. Although PLA and BE are immiscible, BE particles of ~1 µm in diameter are uniformly dispersed in the matrix, and this indicates some compatibility between PLA and BE. BE significantly increased the cold crystallization ability of PLA, which was valuable for practical processing and performance. SEM micrographs of fracture surface showed a brittle-to-ductile transition owing to addition of BE. At 11.5 vol%, notched Izod impact strength improved from 2.4 to 10.3 kJ/m 2 , 330% increment; the increase is superior to previous toughening effect by using petroleum-based tougheners.

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Brittle-tough transition in nylon-rubber blends: effect of rubber concentration and particle size

Cited by 398 publications

References 10 publications

Nylon-6/rubber blends: 7. Temperature-time effects in the impact behaviour of nylon/rubber blends

Nylon-6/rubber blends: 7. Temperature-time effects in the impact behaviour of nylon/rubber blends

Utilização de Elastômeros como Modificadores de Impacto em Poliamidas

Employing a novel bioelastomer to toughen polylactide

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