Broad Money Growth and Inflation in the United States

Ebrill, Liam; Fries, Steven

doi:10.2307/3867123

Cited by 27 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Transactions are carried out in payment systems using QR codes, this is the latest achievement at the moment (De et al, 2020;Alamoudi, 2022). Ebrill and Fries (1991) provided empirical studies for the identification of key factors influencing the existence of the relationship between inflation and the demand of the population for broad money. Further, Kumbhar (2011) identified factors that affect services of the ATMs provided by banks of public and private sectors.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the relationship between non-cash payments and various economic indicators

Kredina

Nurymova

Сатыбалдин

et al. 2022

Banks and Bank Systems

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This study is aimed at evaluating the correlation between determinants of non-cash payments (ATMs, number of bank branches, and number of mobile phone users) and various economic indicators (broad money, inflation, consumer prices) as well as further studying which of the factors and to what extent influence each other in different periods. Non-cash payments are provided by ATMs. The sample considers panel data on nine developing countries. The data for calculation were taken from The World Bank, for Kazakhstan – from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data collected during the study were analyzed using the SPSS software. Spearman’s correlation analysis was used. The results obtained in the empirical study briefly showed that the alternative hypothesis is confirmed for the period 2004–2009 (that the existing relationships are significant), at the same time, the null hypothesis was confirmed in terms of the level of significance for the period 2019–2020. Accordingly, this study showed that modern developments differ from those provided earlier and financial technology transformation is still in the process. The results of this study also indicated the need for further studies of non-traditional measures of financial development, which can lead to sustainable economic growth in the post-crisis period. AcknowledgmentsThe study was carried out within the framework of program targeted IRN OR11465433 funding by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan “Development of the concept and mechanisms of balanced territorial development of the economy and society of Kazakhstan”.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, the volume of business lending is limited, and the development of the economy slows down. However, some scientists believe that inflation can postpone production and accelerate the way out of the current crisis (Ebrill & Fries, 1991).…”

Section: Interpretation Of Plotted Graphs: the Table Shows The Quanti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the relationship between non-cash payments and various economic indicators

Kredina

Nurymova

Сатыбалдин

et al. 2022

Banks and Bank Systems

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“…If WTO members and WTO Dispute Settlement panels were concerned about explicit export rebates surely they would be just as concerned about disguised export rebates of this type. This type of problem has been addressed in typical destination-based VAT systems (Ebrill et al 2001). There VAT is collected along with import duties on the first sale of a good and at point of import, and export rebates are paid on export.…”

Section: Policy Choices For An Individual Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There would be some inefficiencies with some production being taxed in both the producing country and the importing country, but that inefficiency would result from the choice of the producing country to use a pure CT, rather than a CTBA. If full CTBAs became as widely popular as destination-based VATs (Ebrill et al 2001), the resulting inefficiency would be small.…”

Section: Differentiated Bca Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Border carbon adjustments: Should production or consumption be taxed?

Martín¹

2023

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Border Carbon Adjustment (BCAs) may play an important role in lowering the economic costs of greenhouse gas mitigation and in overcoming political-economy constraints on use of carbon taxes or equivalent measures. A carbon tax plus a full BCA (CTBA) could deal with the competitiveness challenges arising from carbon taxes by using the WTO's National Treatment principle to apply equal levies on domestic production and on imports, and by symmetrically rebating the carbon tax on exports in the manner of a VAT export rebate. This approach would shift the base for carbon taxation from output to consumption and intermediate input use and potentially lower the cost of achieving reductions in emissions. It would avoid the massive measurement and compliance problems associated with BCAs based on foreign emission intensities. By contrast, proposals for import-only BCAs would distort prices of importables relative to exportables, create competitiveness concerns in export industries, generate economic waste and likely create highly divisive trade conflicts and deterioration in the terms of trade for developing countries.

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“…If WTO members and WTO Dispute Settlement panels are concerned about explicit export rebates, surely they would be just as concerned about implicit export rebates of this type? This type of problem has been addressed in typical destination-based VAT systems (Ebrill et al, 2001). Since VAT rebates from destination-based rebates have withstood concerns about consistency with WTO rules, it seems reasonably likely that WTO compatibility would not be a binding constraint for inclusion of an export rebate in a BCA.…”

Section: Policy Choicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Border Carbon Adjustments: Should Production or Consumption be Taxed?

Martin

2023

World Trade Review

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Border Carbon Adjustments (BCAs) may play an important role in lowering the economic costs of greenhouse gas mitigation and in overcoming political-economy constraints on the use of carbon taxes or equivalent measures. A carbon tax plus a full BCA could deal with the competitiveness challenges arising from carbon taxes by using the WTO's National Treatment principle to apply equal levies on domestic production and on imports, and by symmetrically rebating the carbon tax on exports in the manner of a value-added tax (VAT) export rebate. This approach would shift the base for carbon taxation from production to demand and potentially achieve substantial reductions in the cost of cutting emissions. It would avoid the massive measurement and compliance problems associated with BCAs based on foreign emission intensities. By contrast, import-only BCAs distort prices of importables relative to exportables; create divisive trade conflicts and deterioration in the terms of trade for developing countries; and likely require development of complex sets of import preferences.

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Broad Money Growth and Inflation in the United States

Cited by 27 publications

References 23 publications

Assessing the relationship between non-cash payments and various economic indicators

Assessing the relationship between non-cash payments and various economic indicators

Border carbon adjustments: Should production or consumption be taxed?

Border Carbon Adjustments: Should Production or Consumption be Taxed?

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