Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Studies of Leaf Extract of Simarouba glauca DC In Vitro

Abstract

The current study aimed to screen the preliminary phytochemicals in the leaf extract of the medicinal plant Simarouba glauca and to analyze its potential antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer properties. The phytochemical profile of the methanol extract was analyzed, and bioactive compounds were identified using chromatography, FTIR and GCMS. Antimicrobial activity and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) were determined against 14 bacterial and 6 fungal strains. Moreover, the synergistic effect of a plant extract with commercially available antibiotics was also evaluated using the checkerboard method. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts showed exclusive activity against S. aureus and profound activity against E. coli and S. marcescens. Upon comparing breakpoints, methanolic extract demonstrated higher antimicrobial activity with a MIC value of 3.2 mg/mL against the test pathogens. Furthermore, the extracts demonstrated potential antioxidant activity; methanol extract had higher antioxidant potential compared to the ethanol extract. The major proactive bioactive compound with maximum antioxidant capacity was observed to be terpenoids. The methanol extract of S. glauca showed significant cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line with an IC50 value of 16.12 µg/mL. The overall results of our work provide significant evidence for the usage of methanolic extract of S. glauca as an efficient ethnomedicinal agent and a potential candidate for relieving many human ailments.

Investigation of the Antibacterial, Anti-Biofilm, and Antioxidative Effect of Piper betle Leaf Extract against Bacillus gaemokensis MW067143 Isolated from Dental Caries, an In Vitro-In Silico Approach

“…Cellular debris in the surroundings of the cells were also visible after treatment. Ramasamy et al [85] also reported the disintegration of cellular structure after treatment with plant extract.…”

“…Prepared P. betle extracts were evaluated for the presence of various phytochemical compounds (steroids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, carbohydrates, and glycosides) by standard tests [85,94,95]. 4.6.…”

Meme Kanseri Hücre Dizisi Üzerinde (MCF-7) Oğulotu (Melissa Officinalis) Bitki Ekstresinin Antiproliferatif, Apoptotik ve Antioksidan Etkilerinin Araştırılması

“…Bitki ekstrelerinin antikanser etkilerinin in-vitro olarak incelenmesine yönelik çalışmalarda son yıllarda bir artış yaşanmaktadır. Ramasamy ve çalışma arkadaşları Simarouba glauca yaprağı ekstresinin MCF-7 meme kanser hücreleri üzerinde 16.12 µg/mL IC50 değeri ile önemli sitotoksik etki gösterdiğini rapor etmişlerdir (20). Kanash ve çalışma ekibi 1000 µg/mL Dovyalis caffra meyvesi ekstresi uygulanan HepG2 karaciğer kanser hücrelerinde % canlı hücre oranının %41,10'a düştüğünü bildirmişlerdir (21).…”

Mechanistic Insights on the In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and In Vivo Hepatoprotective Effects of Salvinia auriculata Aubl against Methotrexate-Induced Liver Injury

“…Protein content was quantified by the Biuret method as previously described [ 62 ]. In brief, overnight cultures of A. baumannii isolates (before and after treatment with SAME at 0.5 MIC values) were incubated for 24 h at 37 °C in a shaker incubator.…”