Broadband CPW-fed circularly polarized antenna for IoT-based navigation system

Abstract

The paper presents a new coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed rectangular patch antenna with a square-shaped ground plane that can be employed in modern advanced navigation systems. For realizing broad impedance bandwidth in the proposed antenna, a wide slot is introduced in the square ground plane and the rectangular patch is shifted toward the left edge of the ground surface. In addition, by means of introducing square-shaped stubs near the left and right edge of the ground plane, the circular polarization is achieved at L1, L2, and L5 satellite bands. As per the simulation results, the proposed antenna provides a wide impedance bandwidth (S11<−10 dB) of 123% (1.12–4.72 GHz) and 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 11% (1.15–1.29 GHz) and 18% (1.5–1.8 GHz) suitable for multipurpose wireless applications. The designed single feed circularly polarized antenna is low profile, small size, light weight and easily integrable with other high-frequency communication devices. To validate radiation performance of the proposed structure, the antenna is fabricated and integrated with the commercially available Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver and it is found that the measured values are in close agreement with the desired results.

A flexible broadband antenna for IoT applications

“…To demonstrate the advantages of the proposed flexible broadband antenna for IoT applications, its performance metric was compared to those of the other previously reported antennas. As a result, one can say that the proposed antenna has better radiation efficiency than [9, 13, 15–17], better maximum gain than [8, 12–16], and lower profile than [11, 15, 16]. Moreover, the proposed antenna has a broader bandwidth than [9, 12, 13, 15, 17] and covers the most commonly used wireless communication standards and technologies for IoT applications including the SigFox, LoRa, Ingenu-RPMA, NB-IoT, LTE-M, IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15.1, IEEE 802.15.4 as presented in Table 4.…”

“…Recently, several antenna designs have been investigated for their suitability as antennas for IoT devices. Some of these designs include patch antennas [8–10], planar monopole antennas [11], printed inverted-F antennas [12], and loop antennas [13]. In most of these publications [9–11, 13], however, fractional bandwidths (FBW = (( f H – f L )/ f C ) × 100%, where f L and f H are the lowest and highest usable frequency of the antenna for | S 11 | ≤ −10 dB, respectively, and f C is the center frequency of the operation band) are generally <50%.…”

“…In most of these publications [9–11, 13], however, fractional bandwidths (FBW = (( f H – f L )/ f C ) × 100%, where f L and f H are the lowest and highest usable frequency of the antenna for | S 11 | ≤ −10 dB, respectively, and f C is the center frequency of the operation band) are generally <50%. Also, most of the above-mentioned antennas except [13] have been designed on rigid substrates such as FR4 [8–10, 12] and polyguide substrates [11]. However, different types of flexible materials such as liquid crystalline polymer [14], poly-dimethyl-syloxane [13], rubber [15], rubber-textile composites [16], and textile [17] have been widely used in the current designs of flexible antennas.…”

A corrugated G-shaped grounded ring slot antenna for wideband circular polarization

“…Planar monopole antennas for circular polarization (CP) radiation are gaining significant attention in the area of wireless communication due to several attractive features, such as, wide bandwidth, light weight, and low profile [1]. It has been demonstrated in the past that an asymmetrically fed monopole antenna can be used for CP radiation [2–5]. The asymmetry can be created by loading a complementary monopole with a stub [2], by introducing an L-shaped parasitic element with an F-shaped monopole [3] or by exciting a trapezoidal monopole with an offset feed [4].…”

“…Similarly, in [5] a monopole antenna is asymmetrically placed in an L-shaped slot for CP generation. The CPW-fed grounded ring slot antenna is also widely used for the generation of CP [6–10].…”