Broadband Dual-Polarized Single-Layer Reflectarray Antenna With Independently Controllable 1-Bit Dual Beams

Abstract

A broadband dual-polarized single-layer 1-bit unit cell is proposed for achieving the independently controllable dualbeam reflectarray antenna. The unit cell independently provides two-state phase compensation for two orthogonally linearlypolarized waves. The 180-degree reflective phase difference between the two states is achieved by tuning the magnetic resonance of State 0 and the electrical resonance of State 1. With its two resonances close to each other, the unit cell has a reflective phase difference of 180 ± 20 degrees between two states over a broad bandwidth of 27.2-51.1 GHz. The cross-polarization levels of below -30 dB ensure the high isolation between two polarizations. Using the proposed dual-polarized unit cells, a 1-bit dual-beam reflectarray antenna is designed and excited by a dualpolarized horn to show the ability of independently controlling two orthogonally linearly-polarized waves. At 33 GHz, the beams direct to -15 degrees and 20 degrees for the feeding of horizontally and vertically polarized port, respectively. The 1.5-dB gain bandwidth is greater than 20% for both polarizations. The proposed dual-polarized reflectarray antenna with independently controllable 1-bit dual beams provides an alternative design for the multiuser multiple-input multiple-output applications.

A single layered high‐gain digital metasurface reflectarray antenna for millimeter wave applications

“…Figure 1F, shows the characteristic modal analysis of the metabits. 17,18 The unit cell element has two significant modes (mode-1 and mode-2).…”

“…The ‘$${\theta }_{i}$$’ and ‘$${\varphi }_{o}$$’ represent the desire beam direction along the azimuthal and elevation plane, respectively. The phase distribution obtained from Equation () is discretized into two levels using 18 : $$${\phi }_{D}({x}_{i},{y}_{i})=\left\{\begin{array}{c}{0}^{^\circ },\,\mathrm{mod}{\phi }_{s}\,(({x}_{i},{y}_{i}),360)\in (0,180)\,\\ {180}^{^\circ },\,\mathrm{mod}\,({\phi }_{s}({x}_{i},{y}_{i}),360)\in [180,360).\end{array}\right.$$$…”

“…The reflection amplitude characteristics of the metabits are shown in Figure 1E, it can be observed both the metabits have a reflection amplitude of 0.95. Figure 1F, shows the characteristic modal analysis of the metabits 17,18 . The unit cell element has two significant modes (mode‐1 and mode‐2).…”

A dual-band reconfigurable intelligent metasurface with beam steering

“…Metamaterials have attracted much attention in recent years, owing to their robust abilities in manipulating electromagnetic (EM) waves, which have been widely applied in modern communication systems. Metasurfaces have shown their potential in improving the performance of various EM devices including reflectarray antennas [1], frequency selective surfaces [2,3], absorbers [4][5][6][7], and polarization converters [8][9][10].…”

1-Bit dual-polarized ultrathin lens antennas based on Huygens’ metasurface

“…As a result, the conventional metasurface pattern configuration is totally digitized as coding pattern, which can greatly simplify the design process and create more functionalities. Digital metasurfaces have been widely used for beam steering (Yin et al, 2021), scattering reduction (Wei et al, 2022), holographic imaging (Li et al, 2017), signal processing (Liu et al, 2016), magnetic near-field reconfiguration (Li et al, 2021) andwireless communications (Zhang et al, 2021).…”