Broadband Wireless Communication Systems for Vacuum Tube High-Speed Flying Train

Abstract

A vactrain (or vacuum tube high-speed flying train) is considered as a novel proposed rail transportation approach in the ultra-high-speed scenario. The maglev train can run with low mechanical friction, low air resistance, and low noise mode at a speed exceeding 1000 km/h inside the vacuum tube regardless of weather conditions. Currently, there is no research on train-to-ground wireless communication system for vactrain. In this paper, we first summarize a list of the unique challenges and opportunities associated with the wireless communication for vactrain, then analyze the bandwidth and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of vactrain’s train-to-ground communication services quantitatively. To address these challenges and utilize the unique opportunities, a leaky waveguide solution with simple architecture but excellent performance is proposed for wireless coverage for vactrains. The simulation of the leaky waveguide is conducted, and the results show the uniform phase distribution along the horizontal direction of the tube, but also the smooth field distribution at the point far away from the leaky waveguide, which can suppress Doppler frequency shift, indicating that the time-varying frequency-selective fading channel could be approximated as a stationary channel. Furthermore, the train-to-ground wireless access architectures based on leaky waveguide are studied and analyzed. Finally, the moving scheme is adopted based on centralized, cooperative, cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN), so as to deal with the extremely frequent handoff issue.

Concepts on Train-to-Ground Wireless Communication System for Hyperloop: Channel, Network Architecture, and Resource Management

“…As a new mode of transportation, the train-to-ground communication of Hyperloop requires a variety of communication services to assure the safe operation. In [13], we have already presented a summary of accurate communication key performance indicators (KPIs), including data rate, end-to-end transmission latency, and bit error rate (BER), which is presented in Table 2. Table 2.…”

“…Table 2. Key KPIs of train-to-ground communication services [13]. Generally, the communication service types of the Hyperloop can be divided into two categories: mission-critical services and passenger communication service data from the aspects of the intended applications.…”

“…Based on above analysis, we list some important train-to-ground wireless communication KPIs for communication based train control system (CBTC), HSR, Shanghai maglev, and Hyperloop in Table 2 [28,29]. Since detailed descriptions of each service along with the explanations about the KPI values are given in our previous work [13], we just present a brief overview herein.…”

“…During the initialization, the initial position and velocity of each particle are randomly generated. If a particle's position satisfies Equations (13), (17), and (18), it is a feasible position that can be used for further process; otherwise an infeasible position will be discarded. After updating the position, Equation 16is used to check all the position.…”

Concepts of Hyperloop Wireless Communication at 1200 km/h: 5G, Wi-Fi, Propagation, Doppler and Handover

“…This makes it possible to have high-capacity and high-performance communications with a very low network deployment cost [7], although there is an important challenge that is the speed of the capsule. In summary, the Hyperloop system was designed to overcome the physical limitations present in high-speed rail at speeds higher than 600 km/h [8].…”