Broadband Wireless Sensing System for Non-Invasive Testing of Biological Samples

Jha, Abhishek; Akhter, Zubair; Tiwari, Nilesh Kumar; Shafi, K. T. Muhammed; Samant, Himanshu; Akhtar, M. Jaleel; Cifra, Michal

doi:10.1109/jetcas.2018.2829205

Cited by 51 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…CPWs have been used as material sensors in the literature [33][34][35][36][37]. In [33][34][35][36], a resonator itched on the central conductor was used to detect wetness [33], and characterize liquids such as oils [34,36], and biological samples [35]. Moreover, CPWs are frequently used in different circuits including filters, couplers and power dividers which can be adapted into high sensitivity sensors.…”

Section: Sensor Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different approaches for sample placement were reported in literature in [14,[18][19][20][21][22]31,34,36,[38][39][40][41]. These approaches include using containers either placed on the sensor [20,[34][35][36]40] or in proximity to the sensor [38]. Although the container approach allows using big sample size, it usually wastes a large portion of the sensitive surface of the sensor due to the thick walls of the containers.…”

Section: Sensing Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coplanar Waveguide Based Sensor Using Paper Superstrate for Non-Invasive Sweat Monitoring

Riad

Eldamak

2020

IEEE Access

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This paper presents a broadband, simple, re-useable and low-cost approach for noninvasive sweat monitoring using a passive microwave circuit and a cellulose filter paper as a superstrate. The proposed sensor is composed of filter paper with the ability to absorb the sample liquid under test (LUT) placed on top of a coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line. Various samples of sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions with concentrations in the range of 0.01-2 mol/L and models of artificial sweat are used to test the proposed sensor. The difference in transmission coefficient (S21) between dry and wet states is used to determine the concentrations of tested solutions in the band of 1-6 GHz. The sensor detects concentrations as low as 0.01 mol/L (0.58 g/L) and quantities as low as 137 μL with a maximum sensitivity of 46.7 dB/g/L. The proposed sensor presents a simple approach to sample and characterize liquids with enhanced sensitivity and consistent performance using microwave signals.

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Section: Sensor Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensing Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coplanar Waveguide Based Sensor Using Paper Superstrate for Non-Invasive Sweat Monitoring

Riad

Eldamak

2020

IEEE Access

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“…The quantity of test sample adequate for observing acceptable sensor responses in the RF and microwave frequency range is very critical from the practical point of view. Earlier works have used Petri dishes, cuvettes and large containers for holding the sample but the necessity of having large quantities of blood and oversized sample holder limits their practical applicability 31 – 33 . Sample droplets may also be directly placed on to the sensor’s sensing region for clinical diagnostic applications 34 , 35 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of an ELC resonator-based reusable RF microfluidic sensor for blood glucose estimation

Govind

Akhtar

2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Design of a reusable microfluidic sensor for blood glucose estimation at microwave frequencies is presented. The sensing unit primarily comprises a complementary electric LC (CELC) resonator, which is made reusable by filling the test sample in a glass capillary before mounting it inside a groove cut in the central arm of the resonator. The use of glass capillary in the present situation to contain the blood sample actually eliminates the possibility of any direct contact of the sensor with the test sample, and hence wards off any coincidental contamination of the sensor. Usage of the capillary provides additional benefits as only microliters of the sample are required, besides offering sterile measuring environment since these capillaries are disposable. The capillary made of borosilicate glass is highly biocompatible and exhibits exceptionally high chemical resistance in corrosive environments. Apart from reusability, the novelty of the proposed sensor also lies in its enhanced sensitivity which is quite an essential factor when it comes to the measurement of glucose concentration in the human physiological range. The applicability of the proposed scheme for glucose sensing is demonstrated by performing RF measurements of aqueous glucose solutions and goat blood samples using the fabricated sensor.

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“…In chemistry, the quantitative estimation of dielectric properties for polymer, gelatin and reagent can provide valuable information on the composition and structure of these chemicals [2]. In human health and biology science, dielectric constant measurement can be used for single cell detection and isolation [3], tracking the blood glucose levels of diabetes patients [4], [5] and study the relaxation of dissolved proteins [6]. Other known applications include but not limited to humidity and gas concentration detection [7], liquid composition determination [8], and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Portable Microwave Interferometry Sensor for Permittivity Detection Based on CCMRC

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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A portable microwave complex permittivity sensor based on the interferometry configuration is proposed. A complementary compact microstrip resonant cell (CCMRC) is applied as the sensitive element, which converts the dielectric information of the material under test (MUT) into the phase variations of its transmission coefficient. A miniaturized interferometry platform based on a downconverting mixer further translates the phase change into DC output voltage variation, which can be readily recorded with a direct readout circuit. In this context, expensive and bulky vector network analyzer is no longer needed, thereby leading to a low hardware cost. With comprehensive theoretical analysis, the material permittivity is simply extracted using a specific extrapolation algorithm. As a proof of concept, several different solid material samples with known permittivity values are used to verify the devised detection system. INDEX TERMS Complementary compact microstrip resonant cell (CCMRC), dielectric spectroscopy, direct-conversion mixer, interferometry, microwave sensor.

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Broadband Wireless Sensing System for Non-Invasive Testing of Biological Samples

Cited by 51 publications

References 68 publications

Coplanar Waveguide Based Sensor Using Paper Superstrate for Non-Invasive Sweat Monitoring

Coplanar Waveguide Based Sensor Using Paper Superstrate for Non-Invasive Sweat Monitoring

Design of an ELC resonator-based reusable RF microfluidic sensor for blood glucose estimation

A Portable Microwave Interferometry Sensor for Permittivity Detection Based on CCMRC

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