Broadcasting Your Death Through Livestreaming: Understanding Cybersuicide Through Concepts of Performance

Fratini, Annamaria; Hemer, Susan R.

doi:10.1007/s11013-020-09671-9

Cited by 7 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Compared with other similar studies [ 48 , 49 ], the classification models achieved satisfying accuracy. These results support the conclusion that the way people perceive cybersuicide is very different from the way people perceive offline suicide, implying that cybersuicide may have a different structure from offline suicide [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The internet facilitates self-disclosure and social connection, giving rise to an emerging form of suicide (ie, cybersuicide). Unlike the traditional form of suicide that does not involve the internet (ie, offline suicide), cybersuicide covers a broad range of internet-mediated suicidal behaviors and phenomena, including livestreamed suicide [ 9 , 10 ]. The internet increases people’s willingness to disclose more about themselves and offers highly interactive platforms for interpersonal communication (eg, Twitter and Sina Weibo).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In livestreamed suicide, for example, through various media (text messages, pictures, videos, and voice notes), the internet enables people with suicidal intentions to broadcast their suicides to their entire social network before death and allows real time interaction between people with suicidal intentions and their audience. This means that cybersuicide makes a very personal and private act highly public and greatly enhances the interaction between people with suicidal intentions and their audience, which raises challenges to long-held ideas and beliefs about offline suicide [ 11 - 13 ] and facilitates the creation of emerging cultures around suicide [ 9 , 10 , 14 , 15 ]. It is well known that social and cultural factors can influence attitudes toward mental health problems, including suicide [ 16 - 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stigmatizing Attitudes Across Cybersuicides and Offline Suicides: Content Analysis of Sina Weibo

Li¹,

Jiao²,

Zhu³

2022

J Med Internet Res

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Background The new reality of cybersuicide raises challenges to ideologies about the traditional form of suicide that does not involve the internet (offline suicide), which may lead to changes in audience’s attitudes. However, knowledge on whether stigmatizing attitudes differ between cybersuicides and offline suicides remains limited. Objective This study aims to consider livestreamed suicide as a typical representative of cybersuicide and use social media data (Sina Weibo) to investigate the differences in stigmatizing attitudes across cybersuicides and offline suicides in terms of attitude types and linguistic characteristics. Methods A total of 4393 cybersuicide-related and 2843 offline suicide-related Weibo posts were collected and analyzed. First, human coders were recruited and trained to perform a content analysis on the collected posts to determine whether each of them reflected stigma. Second, a text analysis tool was used to automatically extract a number of psycholinguistic features from each post. Subsequently, based on the selected features, a series of classification models were constructed for different purposes: differentiating the general stigma of cybersuicide from that of offline suicide and differentiating the negative stereotypes of cybersuicide from that of offline suicide. Results In terms of attitude types, cybersuicide was observed to carry more stigma than offline suicide (χ21=179.8; P<.001). Between cybersuicides and offline suicides, there were significant differences in the proportion of posts associated with five different negative stereotypes, including stupid and shallow (χ21=28.9; P<.001), false representation (χ21=144.4; P<.001), weak and pathetic (χ21=20.4; P<.001), glorified and normalized (χ21=177.6; P<.001), and immoral (χ21=11.8; P=.001). Similar results were also found for different genders and regions. In terms of linguistic characteristics, the F-measure values of the classification models ranged from 0.81 to 0.85. Conclusions The way people perceive cybersuicide differs from how they perceive offline suicide. The results of this study have implications for reducing the stigma against suicide.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Stigmatizing Attitudes Across Cybersuicides and Offline Suicides: Content Analysis of Sina Weibo

Li¹,

Jiao²,

Zhu³

2022

J Med Internet Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Unlike the traditional form of suicide that is not influenced by the internet (i.e., offline suicide), cybersuicide enables suicidal people to share suicidal thoughts and behaviors with their online social networks, and allows real time interaction between suicidal people and their audience. Therefore, the highly public nature of cybersuicide contradicts long-held beliefs of offline suicide that suicide should be a personal and private action ( 8 , 9 ). This contradiction implies the internet is changing the context and socio-cultural norms of death-related behaviors and phenomena, which may influence the way people perceive and respond to suicide ( 10 , 11 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mind the gap: Exploring differences in suicide literacy between cybersuicide and offline suicide

Jiao²

2023

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionThe highly public nature of cybersuicide contradicts long-held beliefs of offline suicide, which may cause differences in the way people perceive and respond to both of them. However, knowledge of whether and how suicide literacy differs between cybersuicide and offline suicide is limited.MethodsBy analyzing social media data, this paper focused on livestreamed suicide and aimed to compare suicide literacy between cybersuicide and offline suicide on three aspects, including false knowledge structure, extent of association with stigma, and linguistic expression pattern. 7,236 Sina Weibo posts with relevant keywords were downloaded and analyzed. First, a content analysis was performed by human coders to determine whether each post reflected suicide-related false knowledge and stigma. Second, a text analysis was conducted using the Simplified Chinese version of LIWC software to automatically extract psycholinguistic features from each post. Third, based on selected features, classification models were developed using machine learning techniques to differentiate false knowledge of cybersuicide from that of offline suicide.ResultsResults showed that, first, cybersuicide-related posts generally reflected more false knowledge than offline suicide-related posts (χ12=255.13, p < 0.001). Significant differences were also observed in seven false knowledge types. Second, among posts reflecting false knowledge, cybersuicide-related posts generally carried more stigma than offline suicide-related posts (χ12 = 116.77, p < 0.001). Significant differences were also observed in three false knowledge types. Third, among established classification models, the highest F1 value reached 0.70.DiscussionThe findings provide evidence of differences in suicide literacy between cybersuicide and offline suicide, and indicate the need for public awareness campaigns that specifically target cybersuicide.

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“…Cyber victimization experiences can even lead to broadcasting death through live streaming, named cyber suicide 14 . There has been public outcry in Japan after a reality TV actor and ex‐professional wrestler died by suicide after being cyber victimized.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyber victimization during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A syndemic looming large

Shoib

Philip

Bista

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

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Broadcasting Your Death Through Livestreaming: Understanding Cybersuicide Through Concepts of Performance

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

Stigmatizing Attitudes Across Cybersuicides and Offline Suicides: Content Analysis of Sina Weibo

Stigmatizing Attitudes Across Cybersuicides and Offline Suicides: Content Analysis of Sina Weibo

Mind the gap: Exploring differences in suicide literacy between cybersuicide and offline suicide

Cyber victimization during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A syndemic looming large

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