Brochosomes-for-eggs of the Proconiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae, Cicadellinae) species associated with orchards of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Survival and development of reintroduced Cattleya intermedia plants related to abiotic factors and herbivory at the edge and in the interior of a forest fragment in South Brazil

“…M. magna is a sap-sucking phytophage associated with Citrus sinensis (Azevedo-Filho & Carvalho 2005) in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. So, the record of the animal-plant relationship established in this study is of great importance, since there is no detailed information on leafhopper reproductive behavior in the literature.…”

“…So, the record of the animal-plant relationship established in this study is of great importance, since there is no detailed information on leafhopper reproductive behavior in the literature. In general, leafhoppers reproduce by selecting leaves, depositing their eggs on the abaxial face (DeLong 1971) and covering them with brocosomes, which are lipoprotein structures for egg protection (Rakitov 2002; Azevedo-Filho & Carvalho 2005). This species seems to be the most selective in relation to the size of the plants it uses for oviposition, using only mature leaves of C. intermedia plants with an average shoot height of 8.0 cm.…”

“…When leaves of C. intermedia and L. pumila possessing eggs of M. magna were collected and maintained at a constant temperature of 26 °C, incubation occurred for between six and 14 days after collection. Eight to 28 nymphs emerged from each oviposition, which died in about 48 hours remaining with the leaves of the two orchid species, suggesting that this species feeds on another plant species present in the forest fragment (Azevedo-Filho & Carvalho 2005).…”

Egg Brochosomes of Proconiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae, Cicadellinae) species associated with cultivation of grapevines

“…The leafhoppers were identified based on Schröder (1959), Young (1968), and Azevedo- Filho & Carvalho (2004). The egg brochosome study, together with its corresponding illustrations and measurements followed the methods described in Azevedo-Filho & Carvalho (2005). The specimens are deposited with Coleção Entomológica da Embrapa Uva e Vinho (Entomological Collection), Bento Gonçalves/RS -Brazil (CEEUV).…”

“…With regard to the other Proconiini that were found, their structures are described in Azevedo-Filho & Carvalho (2005). Because this egg brochosome analysis demonstrated that each species presents its structural type, these ultramicroscopic bodies represent another tool that can be used to identify Proconiini species on grape vine.…”