Broiler Performance upon Dietary Substitution of Cocoa Husks for Maize

Téguia, A.; ., H.N.L. Endeley; Beynen, A.C.

doi:10.3923/ijps.2004.779.782

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The spread of the disease can be explained by many factors at farm, market, and transportation level. At farm level, these factors include the poor biosecurity practices inside and around the farm [13], the low level of technicality in management practices, the low education level of the staff and employees, and the permanent rotation of the personnel observed [14, 15]. At market level, the origin of fowls is unknown or untraceable, making any attempt to trace back the origin of disease quite impossible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Features of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Cameroon

Kouam

Tchouankui

Ngapagna

2019

Veterinary Medicine International

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The epidemiology of avian influenza is unknown in Cameroon despite the two outbreaks that occurred in 2006 and 2016-2017, respectively. In order to fill the gap, an attempt was made to provide some basic information on the epidemiology of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Cameroon. Thus, data were collected from follow-up reports of the second HPAI outbreaks prepared by the veterinary health officials of Cameroon and sent to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). Two HPAI virus strains (H5N1 and H5N8) turned out to occur, with H5N1 virus involved in the Center, South, West, and Adamawa regions outbreaks and H5N8 involved in the Far North outbreak only. The affected hosts were the laying hens, backyard chickens, turkeys, guinea fowls, ducks, broiler and layer breeders, and geese for the H5N1 virus and the Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus), pigeon, ducks, backyard chickens, and guinea fowls for the H5N8 virus. The first outbreak took place in Mvog-Betsi poultry complex in the Center region on the 20th May 2016 and spread to other regions. The mortality rate varied from 8% to 72% for H5N1 virus and was 96.26% for the H5N8 strain in Indian peafowl. No human case was recorded. The potential supporting factors for disease dissemination identified on the field were the following: poultry and eggs dealers moving from one farm, market, or town to another without any preventive care; poor biosecurity measures on farms and live poultry markets. After the first HPAI H5N1 virus outbreak in 2006, the second HPAI outbreak ten years later (2016-2017) involving two virus strains is a cause of concern for the poultry industry. The Cameroon Epidemio-Surveillance Network needs to be more watchful.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Features of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Cameroon

Kouam

Tchouankui

Ngapagna

2019

Veterinary Medicine International

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“…Freshly broken composite cocoa pod husks (derived from improved/hybrid cocoa varieties -CRINc1 -8, WACRI 11 Hybrids and F3 -Amazon) were obtained from the fermentation units of the Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN) sub -station at Ajassor, Ikom LGA of Cross River State. The broken pods were washed and sun -dried for two weeks, bulked and milled with hammer mill to produce Cocoa Pod Husk Meal (CPHM) [36]. The resultant meal was shared into three (3) portions: The sundried CPHM (SCPHM), Fermented CPHM (FCPHM) and Hot water -treated CPHM (HCPHM), respectively.…”

Section: Collection Processing and Proximate Analysis Of Cocoa Pod Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diet without CPHM (0 percent) served as control in the experiment. The choice of these levels was based on earlier reports on the use of much lower levels of CPHM for poultry, pigs and rabbits without adverse and significant effects on growth performance characteristics [36,39,40]. Feedstuff purchase/choice and procurement of cocoa pod husks as well as methods of processing CPHM and ration formulation gave primary consideration to least cost and maximum biological returns [41].…”

Section: Experimental Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Performance and Apparent Nutrient Digestibility Coefficients of Weaned Rabbits Fed Diets Containing Different Forms of Cocoa Pod Husk Meal

Ozung

Oko

Agiang

et al. 2017

Agriculture and Food Sciences Research

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The growth performance and apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients of weaned rabbits fed corn-soybean meal basal diets containing different forms of cocoa pod husk meal were determined. A total of 60 mixed breed rabbits of both sexes (30 bucks and 30 does) with average initial weight of 606.42±1.30g were used in a nine week feeding trial using a completely randomized design. Twelve is nitrogenous and is caloric diets were formulated containing sundried (T1 T2, T3 & T4), fermented (T5 T6, T7 & T8), and hot-water treated (T9 T10, T11 & T12) cocoa pod husk meal (CPHM) each at 0, 12.5, 25 and 37.5% levels of inclusion, respectively. Diet with 0% CPHM served as the control in the different forms of the cocoa pod husk meal based diets. Growth performance parameters (feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio) were determined, while apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients were determined at the 9th week using the direct in vivo method. The digestibility coefficients were calculated using appropriate formula. Results of the study revealed that the final weight, total weight gain and average daily feed intake recorded significant (P<0.05) differences between dietary treatments. When compared with values in the control, diets with the highest inclusion level (37.5%) CPHM had the least total weight gain with the sundried, fermented and hot-water treated groups having 557.50, 570.83 and 390.00 g/rabbit respectively. The average daily feed intake declined with increasing levels of sundried CPHM (i.e. 66.94, 62.56, 59.27 and 52.98 g/rabbit/day, respectively). The hot-water treated CPHM diets recorded the worst FCR beyond 12.5% level when compared with other forms of CPHM. Some of the apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients for ash and NFE recorded significant (P<0.05) differences between dietary treatments, while crude protein, crude fibre and ether extract digestibility coefficients were statistically similar across dietary treatments in all the three forms of CPHM. The sundried CPHM had the least digestible crude protein (75.07%) at the highest inclusion level (37.5%). The study concludes that the three different forms of cocoa pod husk meal in the following order of superiority (fermented, hot-water treated and sundried) can be included in diets meant for rabbits at levels not exceeding 25% for optimum growth performance and apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients .

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“…Indeed, D. bulbufera flour has a relatively higher crude cellulose level than maize, thus confirming the explanations given by Aderemi and Nworgu [24] who stipulated that, in monogastric, a high level of cellulose stimulate growth and thickening of the digestive tract walls. In the same line, Teguia et al [25] hypothesized that the ingestion of high cellulose content increases the weight of the digestive tract. This result is also in line with those of Viveros et al [26] who reported that the increase in the weight of the digestive organs of birds can be attributed, to some extent, to the presence of a high concentration of indigestible matter in the intestine of these birds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of Replacing Maize with <i>Dioscarea bulbifera</i> Flour on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens

Priscila¹,

Gilchrist²,

Ruben³

et al. 2023

OJAS

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The present study was designed to evaluate Dioscarea bulbifera flour as potential feed ingredient in broilers diets. For this purpose, 256-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks, were divided into 4 groups replicated 4 times in a completely randomized design. A control ration (R0) containing maize as the main energy source was compared to three other rations in which 50%, 75% and 100% maize were substituted with Dioscarea bulbifera flour. The main results showed that, the increasing rate of Dioscarea bulbifera flour had no significant (p > 0.05) effect on the digestibility of feed components. Feed intake was higher with 50% and 75% Dioscarea bulbifera flour inclusion levels.As compared to the control ration, a significant (p < 0.05) drop in live weight and weight gain was recorded with 50% substitution while feed conversion ratio increased significantly with increasing level of Dioscarea bulbifera flour in the ration. Dioscarea bulbifera flour induced a linear and significant (p < 0.05) increase in the relative weight of the gizzard, liver and production cost.It was concluded that, substituting 50% maize with Dioscarea bulbifera flour could be a sustainable solution to palliate the growing inflation of maize as animal feed ingredient. However, the incorporation level of Dioscarea bulbifera as feed ingredient in substitution of maize must not exceed 50% at the risk of depreciating growth performance of broilers.

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Broiler Performance upon Dietary Substitution of Cocoa Husks for Maize

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Epidemiological Features of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Cameroon

Epidemiological Features of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Cameroon

Growth Performance and Apparent Nutrient Digestibility Coefficients of Weaned Rabbits Fed Diets Containing Different Forms of Cocoa Pod Husk Meal

Effects of Replacing Maize with <i>Dioscarea bulbifera</i> Flour on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens

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Broiler Performance upon Dietary Substitution of Cocoa Husks for Maize

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Epidemiological Features of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Cameroon

Epidemiological Features of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Cameroon

Growth Performance and Apparent Nutrient Digestibility Coefficients of Weaned Rabbits Fed Diets Containing Different Forms of Cocoa Pod Husk Meal

Effects of Replacing Maize with &lt;i&gt;Dioscarea bulbifera&lt;/i&gt; Flour on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens

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Effects of Replacing Maize with <i>Dioscarea bulbifera</i> Flour on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens