Broilerlerden İzole Edilen Termofilik Campylabacter’lerin Genotipik, Antimikrobiyal Direnç ve Virulens Profilleri

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and genetic determinants of resistance of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from commercial broiler farms in Adana and Hatay provinces, Turkey. The assessment of the genetic diversity among the isolates was determined by flaA based RFLP-Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with restriction enzyme DdeI and sequence analysis of short variable regions (SVRs) of flaA and flaB-SVR genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was performed by disk diffusion method and tetracycline (tetO), ampicillin (blaOXA-61), aminoglycoside (aph-3-1) and multidrug efflux pump (cmeB) resistance genes were investigated by PCR as well. The genes conferring resistance to ciprofloxacin was screened by PCR and following DNA sequencing. The presence of ten virulence (flaA, virB11, racR, cadF, ciaB, dnaJ and pldA) and toxin genes (cdtA, dtB, cdtC) among the isolates was also investigated using PCR. Out of 220 cloacal swabs, 218 (99.1%) Campylobacter spp. including C. jejuni (n=194; 89%) and C. coli (n=24; 11%) were isolated. While all the isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, gentamicin and erythromycin, resistance rates for C. jejuni and C. coli isolates to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, tetracycline and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid were determined as 86.6-100%, 86.6-100%, 45.9-45.8%, 43.3-50% and 2.6-0.0%, respectively. The tetO, blaOXA-61, cmeB and aph-3-1 genes detected in C. jejuni and C. coli isolates were 45.3-54.2%, 36.1-75%, 1.5-83.3% and 0.5-0%, respectively.

Köpek ve Kedilerden Thermofilik Campylobacter İzolasyonu ve Moleküler Karakterizasyonu

“…Higher resistance rate to ciprofloxacin is highly important, because the FQs are drug of choise for the treatment of Campylobacter ASLANTAŞ infections. These findings are almost similar to previous studies in broilers [9] , chicken meat [8] and humans [10] in Turkey.…”

“…However, tetO was also detected in four tetracycline-susceptible Campylobacter (two C. jejuni and two C. coli), and the gene was not detected in one tetracycline-resistant C. coli isolate. This finding is not surprising because similar findings have already been reported by some investigators [9,20] . Guévremont et al [41] reported that tetO might be present in tetracycline resistant isolates but might be detected by primers used.…”

“…In this study, 20 out of 25 (80%) tetracycline-resistant isolates were found to possess tetO. The frequent detection of tetO in tetracycline-resistant isolates is also reported previous studies [9,20] . However, tetO was also detected in four tetracycline-susceptible Campylobacter (two C. jejuni and two C. coli), and the gene was not detected in one tetracycline-resistant C. coli isolate.…”

“…The most of Campylobacter infections are self-limited and do not require antimicrobial treatment, however, in severe cases, fluoroquinolones (FQ) and macrolides are drug of choise used for the treatment of clinical campylobacteriosis. However, increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter from various sources such as humans, animals and food, especially FQ, became as serious threat to public health [8][9][10] .…”

“…The studies on the occurence of Campylobacter spp. in pets in Turkey are scarce, and have mainly focused on poultry [9,16,17] . Investigation of the prevalence and other characteristics of Campylobacter in cats and dogs is an important step to assess their role as a potential source of human infections.…”