Brominated and chlorinated contaminants in food (PCDD/Fs, PCBs, PBDD/Fs PBDEs): Simultaneous determination and occurrence in Italian produce

Chlorinated Persistent Organic Pollutants (PCDD/Fs and PCBs) in Loggerhead Sea Turtles Stranded along the Central Adriatic Coast

“…The GC/MS interface was set to 280 °C. The chromatographic programs were described before by Ceci et al [ 39 ].…”

Persistent Organic Pollutants and Fatty Acid Profile in a Typical Cheese from Extensive Farms: First Assessment of Human Exposure by Dietary Intake

“…Many works show the risks involved due to the occurrence of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the environment, affecting negatively both ecosystems and human health [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Only a few investigations were carried out on transfer of POPs to cow milk and the subsequent human risk by ingestion of dairy products [ 1 , 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 11 , 13 ].…”

“…This category includes the persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), but also the halogenated flame retardants (HFRs), as the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). When they reach soil, water, and pasture from atmospheric deposition of local emission sources, they can enter the food chain consumed by livestock and, consequently accumulate in food rich in fat (such as meat, fatty fish, milk and dairy products), thanks to their high lipophilic character [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Therefore, the foodstuff can present complex mixtures of these pollutant compounds, related to the environmental quality and animal exposure, causing bioaccumulation consequently in humans due to metabolism capacities [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

“…When they reach soil, water, and pasture from atmospheric deposition of local emission sources, they can enter the food chain consumed by livestock and, consequently accumulate in food rich in fat (such as meat, fatty fish, milk and dairy products), thanks to their high lipophilic character [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Therefore, the foodstuff can present complex mixtures of these pollutant compounds, related to the environmental quality and animal exposure, causing bioaccumulation consequently in humans due to metabolism capacities [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Their intake via contaminated products can determine different adverse effects on human health [ 4 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 13 , 14 ], with relevant factors including the kind of contaminant, exposure and individual conditions, causing different diseases, such as infertility, hormonal and reproductive system disorders, immunological and neurological toxicity, and...…”

“…Therefore, the foodstuff can present complex mixtures of these pollutant compounds, related to the environmental quality and animal exposure, causing bioaccumulation consequently in humans due to metabolism capacities [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Their intake via contaminated products can determine different adverse effects on human health [ 4 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 13 , 14 ], with relevant factors including the kind of contaminant, exposure and individual conditions, causing different diseases, such as infertility, hormonal and reproductive system disorders, immunological and neurological toxicity, and carcinogenic outcomes [ 4 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 13 , 14 ]. Milk and dairy products are widely consumed foodstuffs and represent critical pathways for PAHs, PCBs, and PBDEs.…”