Brominated flame retardants and other organobromines in Norwegian predatory bird eggs

Herzke, Dorte; Berger, Urs; Kallenborn, Roland; Nygård, Torgeir; Vetter, Walter

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.01.066

Cited by 98 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In contrast to the organochlorines (including DDE and other pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs]) which have decreased in the Pacific Northwest (Henny et al 2008, PBDEs have increased in biota since the 1970s (de Wit 2002;Law et al 2006). PBDE residues have been reported in muscle tissue of ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) from Sweden (Jansson et al 1993) and in osprey eggs from Norway during 1993-2000 (Herzke et al 2005), from Delaware, Maryland and Virginia in 2000(Rattner et al 2004, Toschik et al 2005, and from British Columbia during 1991-2000 (Elliott et al 2005). A number of PBDE congeners have been reported in eggs of peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) from Sweden (Lindberg et al 2004;Johansson et al 2009) and the northeastern United States (Chen et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in eggs may reduce reproductive success of ospreys in Oregon and Washington, USA

et al. 2009

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Spatial and temporal assessments and reports of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants in birds remain sparse. In the present study, PBDEs were detected in all 120 osprey (Pandion haliaetus) eggs collected. The eggs were collected from nests along the Columbia, Willamette and Yakima rivers of Oregon (OR) and Washington (WA) and in Puget Sound (WA) between 2002 and 2007. PBDE congeners: 17, 28, 47, 49, 66, 85, 99, 100, 138, 153, 154 (possible coelution with brominated biphenyl 153 [BB153]), 183, 190 (detected in one egg), 209 (not detected), and BB101 (only detected in 2006 and 2007) and total-alpha-hexabromocyclododecane (only detected in five eggs) were analyzed for in the egg samples. Eggs from reservoirs in the forested headwaters of the Willamette River (2002) contained the lowest concentrations of SigmaPBDEs (geometric mean [range], 98 [55.2-275] ng/g wet weight [ww]), while those from the middle Willamette River (2006) contained the highest (897 [507-1,880] ng/g ww). Concentrations in eggs from the Columbia River progressively increased downstream from Umatilla, OR (River Mile [RM] 286) to Skamokoa, WA (RM 29), which indicated additive PBDE sources along the river. In general, regardless of the year of egg collection, differences in PBDE concentrations reported in osprey eggs along the three major rivers studied (Columbia, Willamette and Yakima) seem to reflect differences in river flow (dilution effect) and the extent of human population and industry (source inputs) along the rivers. PBDE concentrations increased over time at two locations (Seattle, WA; Columbia River, RM 29-84) where temporal patterns could be evaluated. Only during 2006 (on the middle Willamette River, RM 61-157) and 2007 (on the lower Columbia River, RM 29-84) did SigmaPBDE concentrations in osprey eggs exceed 1,000 ng/g ww with negative relationships indicated at both locations between productivity and SigmaPBDE concentrations in eggs (P = 0.008, P = 0.057). Osprey eggs from Everett, WA contained nearly twice the SigmaPBDE concentration (geometric mean 239 vs. 141 ng/g ww, range 124-384 vs. 22.2-819 ng/g ww, P < or = 0.05) as double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs collected at the same location and time, which is likely due to dietary differences. No significant relationship (all Ps > 0.147) was indicated between PBDE congeners (including SigmaPBDEs) and eggshell thickness at the concentrations observed in this study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Geometric means of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) concentrations (ng/g wet weight) in osprey eggs from other locations in Canada, USA and Norway Note: NA not analyzed, ND not detected, PBDE data from Norway presented as medians aHerzke et al (2005) …”

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confidence: 99%

Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in eggs may reduce reproductive success of ospreys in Oregon and Washington, USA

et al. 2009

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“…In a study by Ueno et al (2004) concentrations of PBDEs between 0.18 to 4.7 ng/g fat are reported in Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) and Law et al (2003) report the concentration in Atlantic tomcod (Microgadus tomcod) of 77 ng/g fat. Herzke et al (2005) report the concentration of PBDE in eggs from White-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) sampled in Norway to be 6-184 ng/g fat. Even higher concentrations are reported by Lindberg et al (2004) in eggs of Peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) from Sweden ranging from 110-9,200 ng/g fat for BDE-99.…”

Section: Bioaccumulation In Wildlifementioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in Food

2011

EFS2

197

147

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EFSA was asked by the European Commission to deliver a scientific opinion on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in food. PBDEs are additive flame retardants which are applied in plastics, textiles, electronic castings and circuitry. PBDEs are ubiquitously present in the environment and likewise in biota and in food and feed. Data from the analysis of 19 PBDE congeners in 3,971 food samples were provided to EFSA by 11 European countries. Eight congeners were considered by the Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM Panel) to be of primary interest: . The highest dietary exposure is to . Toxicity studies were carried out with technical PBDE mixtures or individual congeners. Main targets were the liver, thyroid hormone homeostasis and the reproductive and nervous system. PBDEs cause DNA damage through the induction of reactive oxygen species. The Panel identified effects on neurodevelopment as the critical endpoint, and derived benchmark doses (BMDs) and their corresponding lower 95 % confidence limit for a benchmark response of 10 %, BMDL 10 s, for a number of PBDE congeners: BDE-47, 309 μg/kg b.w.; BDE-99, 12 μg/kg b.w.; BDE-153, 83 μg/kg b.w.; BDE-209, 1,700 μg/kg b.w. Due to the limitations and uncertainties in the current database, the Panel concluded that it was inappropriate to use these BMDLs to establish health based guidance values, and instead used a margin of exposure (MOE) approach for the health risk assessment. Since elimination characteristics of PBDE congeners in animals and humans differ considerably, the Panel used the body burden as starting point for the MOE approach. The CONTAM Panel concluded that for BDE-47, -153 and -209 current dietary exposure in the EU does not raise a health concern. For BDE-99 there is a potential health concern with respect to current dietary exposure. 4 The term "intra-species" has been replaced by "inter-species" in the Summary and in Chapter 9.1. The chemical stability of the PBDE congeners varies with the individual structure. In general PBDE congeners with up to three bromine substituents and those with nine or ten bromine substituents are more sensitive to abiotic transformations. PBDE congeners with four to eight bromine substituents show the highest stability. PBDE congeners are particularly susceptible to photolysis, reductive debromination and radical reactions whereas they are less susceptible to oxidation and hydrolysis. In general, PBDE congeners are persistent and bioaccumulative with the exception of BDE-209 bioaccumulative properties of which seem to be species dependent. BDE-209 undergoes debromination reactions both in the abiotic environment and in biota, leading to formation of PBDE congeners containing seven to nine bromine atoms. © European Food SafetyBased on the composition of the technical PBDE mixtures, occurrence in the environment and in food, the Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM Panel) considered the following eight PBDE congeners to be of primary interest: which are relevant for dietary PBDE exposur...

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“…Moreover, there are many references in the literature that demonstrate the applicability of the SFE technique to determine the existence of POPs in several complex matrices: PCBs, PCDDs and OCPs (organochlorinated pesticides) in soils, sediments and fly ashes [19,62,67,69], pesticide residues (OCPs, pyrethroids and organophosphorus pesticides, OPPs) and PCBs in food [15,65,70], human blood and tissues [65], pyrethroid pesticides in plants and seeds [24] or PCBs, PBBs, PBDEs, PCDDs, PCDFs and OCPs in biota and animal tissues [4,13,19,67,69].…”

Section: Optimisation Of Sfe Parameters Through the Design Of Experimmentioning

confidence: 98%

Supercritical fluid extraction of polyhalogenated pollutants from aquaculture and marine environmental samples: A review

García-Rodríguez

Carro-Díaz

Lorenzo-Ferreira³

2008

J of Separation Science

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ReviewSupercritical fluid extraction of polyhalogenated pollutants from aquaculture and marine environmental samples: A review This article focuses on the state-of-the-art in sample preparation using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), to monitor the content of polyhalogenated pollutants in aquaculture and marine environmental samples. Marine sediments and biological applications, including several types of samples matrices (fish, shellfish, seaweed and fish feed) and analyte groups (polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated dibenzop-dioxin (PCDD)/Fs and organochlorinated pesticide (OCPs)) are discussed with respect to SFE use and optimisation of conditions. We also discuss the great analytical potential of SFE, the integration of the extraction and clean-up steps for rapid sample processing justifying its use for routine work. The most recent SFE applications to the determination of these pollutants in marine environmental (biota and sediment) samples, published in the last 15 years, are reviewed.

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Brominated flame retardants and other organobromines in Norwegian predatory bird eggs

Cited by 98 publications

References 27 publications

Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in eggs may reduce reproductive success of ospreys in Oregon and Washington, USA

Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in eggs may reduce reproductive success of ospreys in Oregon and Washington, USA

Scientific Opinion on Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in Food

Supercritical fluid extraction of polyhalogenated pollutants from aquaculture and marine environmental samples: A review

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