Brominated flame retardants in a computer technical service: Indoor air gas phase, submicron (PM1) and coarse (PM10) particles, associated inhalation exposure, and settled dust

Genişoğlu, Mesut; Sofuoğlu, Aysun; Kurt-Karakuş, Perihan Binnur; Birgül, Aşkın; Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.077

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…About the other 12 nBFRs, BTBPE average values were higher than other studies [32,33,38,42] and HBB showed average values about ten times higher than the literature values [33,36,38,42]. TBP and TBPH were detected in all samples, in agreement with other studies (100% of samples incidence) [32,43]. TBP values were 788.4 ng/g in D4 and 464.5 ng/g in D1, while TBPH was higher in D1 and D2 (182.9 and 464.5 ng/g respectively).…”

Section: Indoor Sample Analysissupporting

confidence: 88%

Occurrence of Halogenated Pollutants in Domestic and Occupational Indoor Dust

Simonetti

Filippo

Riccardi

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The occurrence of halogenated organic pollutants in indoor dust can be high due to the presence of textile, electronic devices, furniture, and building materials treated with these chemicals. In this explorative study, we focused on emerging organic pollutants, such as novel brominated flame retardants (nBFRs) and some perfluoroalkyl substances, together with legacy polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (BDEs) in settled dust collected in houses and workplaces such as one office and two electrotechnical and mechanical workshops. The total contribution of the investigated pollutants was lower in house and in office dusts except for few nBFRs (such as bis (2-ethylhexyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrabromo-phthalate at a concentration of 464.5 ng/g in a house and hexachlorocyclopentadienyldibromocyclooctane at 40.4 ng/g in the office), whereas in electrotechnical and mechanical workshops a high incidence of PCBs, BDEs, and nBFRs occurred (for example, BDE 209 at a concentration of 2368.0 ng/g and tetrabromobisphenol A at 32,320.1 ng/g in electrotechnical and mechanical workshops). Estimated daily intakes were also calculated, showing that domestic and occupational environments can lead to a similar contribution in terms of human exposure. The higher exposure contribution was associated to nBFRs, whose EDIs were in the range of 3968.2–555,694.2 pg/kg bw/day. To provide a complete view about the indoor contamination, in this investigation, we also included polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygenated and nitrated derivatives. Definitely, dust collection represents a simple, fast, and cost-effective sampling and dust contamination level can be a useful indicator of environment healthiness. Besides, the presented method can be a smart tool to provide a time and money saving technique to characterize 99 pollutants thanks to a single sample treatment.

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Section: Indoor Sample Analysissupporting

confidence: 88%

Occurrence of Halogenated Pollutants in Domestic and Occupational Indoor Dust

Simonetti

Filippo

Riccardi

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Therefore, we may assume that exposure to PBDE bound to fine particulate matter, may be related to the induction of oxidative stress starting in the alveoli. The association of PBDE inhalation with health risks was also confirmed by another study [ 46 ], that focused on the exposure to PBDEs in an indoor environment. In most situations; however, it is difficult to specify the exact mechanism of the action of POPs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Response in Populations of the Czech Republic Exposed to Various Levels of Environmental Pollutants

Ambroz

Rössner

Rössnerová

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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We aimed to identify the variables that modify levels of oxidatively damaged DNA and lipid peroxidation in subjects living in diverse localities of the Czech Republic (a rural area, a metropolitan locality, and an industrial region). The sampling of a total of 126 policemen was conducted twice in two sampling seasons. Personal characteristics, concentrations of particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm and benzo[a]pyrene in the ambient air, activities of antioxidant mechanisms (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and antioxidant capacity), levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), concentrations of persistent organic pollutants in blood plasma, and urinary levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites were investigated as parameters potentially affecting the markers of DNA oxidation (8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine) and lipid peroxidation (15-F2t-isoprostane). The levels of oxidative stress markers mostly differed between the localities in the individual sampling seasons. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, as a factor with the most pronounced effects on oxidative stress parameters. The role of other variables, including environmental pollutants, was minor. In conclusion, our study showed that oxidative damage to macromolecules was affected by processes related to inflammation; however, we did not identify a specific environmental factor responsible for the pro-inflammatory response in the organism.

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“…In particular, levels in Canadian urban locations are similar to those reported for outdoor air in Stockholm, Sweden (Newton et al, 2015;Wong et al, 2018), but somewhat lower than those measured in Birmingham, UK (Drage et al, 2016); Brno, Czech Republic (Bohlin et al, 2014;Melymuk et al, 2016); and previous measurements taken in Toronto (Shoeib et al, 2014). Much higher values had been reported for indoor air (Cequier et al, 2014;Genisoglu et al, 2019;Melymuk et al, 2016;Newton et al, 2015Newton et al, , 2016Tao et al, 2016;Wong et al, 2018), an electronic waste facility in China (Hong et al, 2018), and -somewhat incongruouslyin Longyearbyen, Svalbard (Carlsson et al, 2018). PAS deployed in remote regions (pop.…”

Section: Absolute Concentration Ranges Isomer Composition and Compari...supporting

confidence: 70%

“…While commercial TBECH comprises mostly the αand β-isomers (57.3 % and 42.5 %, respectively) (Ruan et al, 2018), TBECH has been reported to thermally isomerize to the γ -and δ-isomers when heated to 123 • C . Although global production volumes or emissions of TBECH are difficult to establish, reports on its detection in the environment have been increasing over the years, attributed to the rising demand for EBFRs (Bohlin et al, 2014;Cequier et al, 2014;Drage et al, 2016;Genisoglu et al, 2019;Gentes et al, 2012;Newton et al, 2015;Tao et al, 2017;Zacs et al, 2021). TBECH was first detected in sediment samples collected in 1996 near a discharge pipe of the Frutarom plastics plant near Haifa, Israel (Santillo et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The atmospheric fate of 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2-dibromoethyl)cyclohexane (TBECH): spatial patterns, seasonal variability, and deposition to Canadian coastal regions

Oh,

Shunthirasingham,

Lei

et al. 2023

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) that are gradually being phased out are being replaced by emerging BFRs. Here, we report the concentration of the α- and β-isomers of 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2-dibromoethyl)cyclohexane (TBECH; also known as DBE-DBCH) in over 300 air, water, and precipitation samples collected between 2019 and 2022 using active air and deposition sampling as well as networks of passive air and water samplers. The sampling region includes Canada's most populated cities and areas along the St. Lawrence River and Estuary, Quebec, as well as around the Salish Sea, British Columbia. TBECH was detected in over 60 % of air samples at levels comparable to those of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Concentrations of TBECH and BDE-47 were typically higher in urban areas, with stronger correlations with population density during warmer deployments. Uniform α- / β-TBECH ratios across space, time, and environmental media indicate the highly similar atmospheric fate of the two isomers. Although TBECH air concentrations were strongly related to temperature in urban Toronto and a remote site on the east coast, the lack of such dependence at a remote site on the west coast can be explained by the small seasonal temperature range and summertime air mass transport from the Pacific Ocean. Despite there being no evidence that TBECH has been produced, or imported for use, in Canada, it is now one of the most abundant gaseous BFRs in the Canadian atmosphere. The recorded spatial and temporal variability of TBECH suggest that its emissions are not constrained to specific locations but are generally tied to the presence of humans. The most likely explanation for its environmental occurrence in Canada is the release from imported consumer products containing TBECH. Chiral analysis suggests that despite its urban origin, at least some fraction of TBECH has experienced enantioselective processing, i.e., has volatilized from reservoirs where it has undergone microbial transformations. Microbial processes in urban soils and in marine waters may have divergent enantioselectivity.

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Brominated flame retardants in a computer technical service: Indoor air gas phase, submicron (PM1) and coarse (PM10) particles, associated inhalation exposure, and settled dust

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Occurrence of Halogenated Pollutants in Domestic and Occupational Indoor Dust

Occurrence of Halogenated Pollutants in Domestic and Occupational Indoor Dust

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Response in Populations of the Czech Republic Exposed to Various Levels of Environmental Pollutants

The atmospheric fate of 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2-dibromoethyl)cyclohexane (TBECH): spatial patterns, seasonal variability, and deposition to Canadian coastal regions

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