Bromination of petroleum coke for elemental mercury capture

Xiao, Yi; Pudasainee, Deepak; Gupta, Rajender; Xu, Zhenghe; Diao, Yongfa

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.04.040

Cited by 50 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, its development was not considerable as that of pyrolysis. Combined with the results of Xiao et al [ 38 ], it can be concluded that the significant contribution of mechanochemical activation is mainly for the chemical loading rather than the improvement of pore structure. The mercury removal efficiency of only pyrolysis, only mechanochemical activation, and the combined pyrolysis and mechanochemical activation were 29.15%, 25.68%, and 27.8%, respectively, which indicated that the improved pore structure could act as conventional functional groups, such as C–O, C–O–C, and C=O, for mercury removal.…”

Section: The Effect Of the Evolution Of Pore Structure On Hg ...supporting

confidence: 52%

“…For only chemical activation, Xiao et al [ 38 ] used a chemical–mechanical bromination process [ 39 ] for brominating the petroleum coke sample, as shown in Figure 1 c. Although the mechanical impregnation method presented well bromine loading, both specific surface area and average pore size were slightly reduced to 1.66 m 2 /g and 0.012 cm 3 /g, which was caused by the blockage of pores during the bromination process. It is believed that external mechanical force caused by grinding could not promote the development of rich pores.…”

Section: The Effect Of the Evolution Of Pore Structure On Hg ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The final temperature and holding time of pyrolysis parameters were concerned. The omni-directional planetary ball mill was selected for mechanochemical activation, which was the same method as Xiao et al [ 38 ] with different equipment. It was observed that the largest specific area of 31.77 m 2 /g, the total pore volume of 0.027 cm 3 /g, and the smallest mean pore diameter of 3.39 nm occurred in PPC10-60-800.…”

Section: The Effect Of the Evolution Of Pore Structure On Hg ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Physical-Chemical Evolution of High-Sulfur Petroleum Coke on Hg0 Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gas and Exploration of Its Micro-Scale Mechanism

Jiang

Diao

2022

IJERPH

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As the solid waste by-product from the delayed coking process, high-sulfur petroleum coke (HSPC), which is hardly used for green utilization, becomes a promising raw material for Hg0 removal from coal-fired flue gas. The effects of the physical–chemical evolution of HSPC on Hg0 removal are discussed. The improved micropores created by pyrolysis and KOH activation could lead to over 50% of Hg0 removal efficiency with the loss of inherent sulfur. Additional S-containing and Br-containing additives are usually introduced to enhance active surface functional groups for Hg0 oxidation, where the main product are HgS, HgBr, and HgBr2. The chemical–mechanical activation method can make additives well loaded on the surface for Hg0 removal. The DFT method is used to sufficiently explain the micro-scale reaction mechanism of Hg0 oxidation on the surface of revised-HSPC. ReaxFF is usually employed for the simulation of the pyrolysis of HSPC. However, the developed mesoporous structure would be a better choice for Hg0 removal in that the coupled influence of pore structure and functional groups plays a comprehensive role in both adsorption and oxidation of Hg0. Thus, the optimal porous structure should be further explored. On the other hand, both internal and surface sulfur in HSPC should be enhanced to be exposed to saving sulfur additives or obtaining higher Hg0 removal capacity. For it, controllable pyrolysis with different pyrolysis parameters and the chemical–mechanical activation method is recommended to both improve pore structure and increase functional groups for Hg0 removal. For simulation methods, ReaxFF and DFT theory are expected to explain the micro-scale mechanisms of controllable pyrolysis, the chemical–mechanical activation of HSPC, and further Hg0 removal. This review work aims to provide both experimental and simulational guidance to promote the development of industrial application of Hg0 adsorbent based on HSPC.

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Section: The Effect Of the Evolution Of Pore Structure On Hg ...supporting

confidence: 52%

Section: The Effect Of the Evolution Of Pore Structure On Hg ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Effect Of the Evolution Of Pore Structure On Hg ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Physical-Chemical Evolution of High-Sulfur Petroleum Coke on Hg0 Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gas and Exploration of Its Micro-Scale Mechanism

Jiang

Diao

2022

IJERPH

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“…The over-exploitation of fossil fuels and environmental degradation problems have increased for many years. Industrial revolution and anthropogenic activities have left their impact on the countries (Dostal and Ladanyi, 2018;Shang et al, 2013;Xiao et al, 2017). As mentioned in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofuels and biochars production from agricultural biomass wastes by thermochemical conversion technologies: Thermogravimetric analysis and pyrolysis studies

et al. 2021

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In this paper, thermal degradation (TGA) and pyrolysis studies of sunflower shell biomass (SSB), eucalyptus biomass (EB), wheat straw biomass (WSB), and peanut shell biomass (PSB) were carried out using the thermogravimetric analysis and stainless steel tubular reactor. Thermal degradation of all biomass wastes was examined at a heating rate of 10 °C/min in nitrogen atmosphere between 20 and 800 °C. Experiments of pyrolysis were carried out in a tubular reactor from 300 to 700 °C with a heating rate of 10 °C/min, a particle size of 0.1–0.3 mm and nitrogen flow rate of 100 mL.min−1, which the aim to study how temperature affects liquid, solid, and gas products. The results of this work showed that three stages have been identified in the thermal decomposition of SSB, EB, WSB, and PSB wastes. The first stage occurred at 120–158 °C, the second stage, which corresponds to hemicellulose and cellulose's degradation, occurred in temperatures range from 139 to 480 °C for hemicellulose, and from 233 to 412 °C for cellulose, while the third stage occurred at 534–720 °C. It was concluded that temperature has a significant effect on product yields. The maximum of bio-oil yields of 37.55, 30.5, 46.96, and 50.05 wt% for WSB, PSB, SSB, and EB, were obtained at pyrolysis temperature of 500 °C (SSB, PSB, and WSB) and 550 °C (EB). Raw biomass, solid and liquid products obtained were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The analysis of solid and liquid products showed that bio-oils and bio-chars from agricultural biomass wastes could be prospective sources of renewable fuels production and value added chemical products.

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“…Chakrabarty and Longo used XRF for the identification of reactive minerals in cores based on evaluated photoelectric absorption (Pe) logs. Xiao et al adopted XRF‐determined Hg and Br contents as indicators of mercury and bromine capture and the leaching capacity of thermal treated sorbents. XRF Solutions Ltd .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of clay content in Canadian oil sands using x‐ray florescence spectroscopy for diagnosis of ore processability

2019

Can J Chem Eng

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In this study, a simple and robust method based on the use of x‐ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy to measure potassium content as an indicator of illite in oil sands was proposed and tested. The XRF results of illite determination were compared with those determined using the conventional methylene blue titration (MBT) method. To test the suitability of the XRF method for determining illite content in various streams of oil sands processing as a diagnosis tool, a toluene‐diluted‐bitumen solution was used to contaminate solid surfaces prior to their analysis by the XRF and MBT methods. In order to remove the organic matter from the bitumen‐contaminated solids for evaluating the XRF and MBT method, toluene washing and low temperature ashing were applied to the bitumen‐contaminated solids prior to their analysis. The robustness of the XRF analysis in comparison with the MBT method was further confirmed by analyzing the solids extracted from bitumen froth and tailings stream. The results show that the XRF method was more tolerant to surface contamination and therefore more reliable in determining illite content in oil sands and relevant processing streams. It was also found that the potassium contents measured by the XRF method on solids from 10 ores show a strong correlation with the corresponding fines contents of these ores, indicating that the XRF method can potentially be used to determine the fines content of oil sands and related processing streams.

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Bromination of petroleum coke for elemental mercury capture

Cited by 50 publications

References 33 publications

The Effects of Physical-Chemical Evolution of High-Sulfur Petroleum Coke on Hg0 Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gas and Exploration of Its Micro-Scale Mechanism

The Effects of Physical-Chemical Evolution of High-Sulfur Petroleum Coke on Hg0 Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gas and Exploration of Its Micro-Scale Mechanism

Biofuels and biochars production from agricultural biomass wastes by thermochemical conversion technologies: Thermogravimetric analysis and pyrolysis studies

Determination of clay content in Canadian oil sands using x‐ray florescence spectroscopy for diagnosis of ore processability

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