Bronchial biopsy findings in intermittent or "early" asthma☆☆☆

Laitinen, Lauri A.; Laitinen, Annika; Altraja, Alan; Virtanen, Ismo; Kämpe, Mary; Simonsson, Bo G.; Karlsson, Sven; Håkansson, Lena; Sillastu, Heinart

doi:10.1016/s0091-6749(96)70010-6

Cited by 76 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Previous studies have used staining of different collagens, but did not asses its further composition. 24,30,[33][34][35][36]40 The observed differences between asthma and COPD in the extracellular matrix composition may be due to different types of irritation, epithelial damage, epithelial repair, and underlying submucosal airway infl ammation, both in a quantitative and qualitative way. Collagen IV is a component of the "true" basement membrane which is not thickened in asthma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reticular basement membrane in asthma and COPD: Similar thickness, yet different composition

Liesker

Hacken

Zeinstra-Smith³

et al. 2009

COPD

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Background: Reticular basement membrane (RBM) thickening has been variably associated with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Even if RBM thickness is similar in both diseases, its composition might still differ. Objective: To assess whether RBM thickness and composition differ between asthma and COPD. Methods: We investigated 24 allergic asthmatics (forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV 1 ] 92% predicted), and 17 nonallergic COPD patients (FEV 1 60% predicted), and for each group a control group of similar age and smoking habits (12 and 10 persons, respectively). Snapfrozen sections of bronchial biopsies were stained with hematoxylin/eosin and for collagen I, III, IV, V, laminin and tenascin. RBM thickening was assessed by digital image analysis. Relative staining intensity of each matrix component was determined. Results: Mean (SD) RBM thickness was not signifi cantly different between asthma and COPD 5.5 (1.3) vs 6.0 (1.8) μm, but signifi cantly larger than in their healthy counterparts, ie, 4.7 (0.9) and 4.8 (1.2) μm, respectively. Collagen I and laminin stained signifi cantly stronger in asthma than in COPD. Tenascin stained stronger in asthma than in healthy controls of similar age, and stronger in COPD controls than in asthma controls (p Ͻ 0.05). Conclusion: RBM thickening occurs both in asthma and COPD. We provide supportive evidence that its composition differs in asthma and COPD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reticular basement membrane in asthma and COPD: Similar thickness, yet different composition

Liesker

Hacken

Zeinstra-Smith³

et al. 2009

COPD

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“…Reductions in elastin have been observed in a number of studies [63][64][65]. Increased collagen in the airway submucosa has also been observed in occupational asthma [66]. Recently, researchers have begun to examine the ECM within the bundles of ASM, although the results are only currently available in abstract form.…”

Section: Airway Remodelling In Airway Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical relevance of airway remodelling in airway diseases

James¹,

Wenzel²

2007

Eur Respir J

305

214

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Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are characterised by airflow obstruction, airway remodelling (measurable structural change) and inflammation. The present review will examine the relationship between airway remodelling in these two conditions with respect to symptoms, abnormal lung function, airway hyperresponsiveness and decline in lung function. The potential for remodelling to be a protective response will also be discussed.Asthma is associated with variable symptoms and changes in lung function and also fixed abnormalities of lung function and an increased rate of decline in lung function with age. There is a relative preservation of the relaxed airway lumen dimensions, prominent thickening of the smooth muscle layer and reduced airway distensibility. The severity of asthma is related to the degree of airway remodelling, which is most marked in cases of fatal asthma.In COPD, symptoms are persistent and predictable but also progressive and are related to fixed abnormalities of lung function. Remodelling is associated with narrowing of the airway lumen and an increased thickness of the airway wall, although not usually to the extent seen in asthma. COPD is most often due to smoking where there is also remodelling of the parenchyma that may contribute to symptoms.

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“…They also degrade tissue extracellular matrix; promote the recruitment, proliferation, and survival of inflammatory cells; and participate directly in bronchoconstriction and airway remodeling (25,37,38). To varying degrees, the biological activities mentioned above are found even in patients with mild asthmatic symptoms (39), which suggests that inflammation is an underlying pathologic feature in symptomatic patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time assessment of inflammation and treatment response in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation

Cortez-Retamozo¹,

Świrski²,

Waterman³

et al. 2008

J. Clin. Invest.

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Eosinophils are multifunctional leukocytes that degrade and remodel tissue extracellular matrix through production of proteolytic enzymes, release of proinflammatory factors to initiate and propagate inflammatory responses, and direct activation of mucus secretion and smooth muscle cell constriction. Thus, eosinophils are central effector cells during allergic airway inflammation and an important clinical therapeutic target. Here we describe the use of an injectable MMP-targeted optical sensor that specifically and quantitatively resolves eosinophil activity in the lungs of mice with experimental allergic airway inflammation. Through the use of real-time molecular imaging methods, we report the visualization of eosinophil responses in vivo and at different scales. Eosinophil responses were seen at single-cell resolution in conducting airways using nearinfrared fluorescence fiberoptic bronchoscopy, in lung parenchyma using intravital microscopy, and in the whole body using fluorescence-mediated molecular tomography. Using these real-time imaging methods, we confirmed the immunosuppressive effects of the glucocorticoid drug dexamethasone in the mouse model of allergic airway inflammation and identified a viridin-derived prodrug that potently inhibited the accumulation and enzyme activity of eosinophils in the lungs. The combination of sensitive enzyme-targeted sensors with noninvasive molecular imaging approaches permitted evaluation of airway inflammation severity and was used as a model to rapidly screen for new drug effects. Both fluorescence-mediated tomography and fiberoptic bronchoscopy techniques have the potential to be translated into the clinic.

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Bronchial biopsy findings in intermittent or "early" asthma☆☆☆

Cited by 76 publications

References 7 publications

Reticular basement membrane in asthma and COPD: Similar thickness, yet different composition

Reticular basement membrane in asthma and COPD: Similar thickness, yet different composition

Clinical relevance of airway remodelling in airway diseases

Real-time assessment of inflammation and treatment response in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation

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