Bronchial Stenosis Due to Anthracofibrosis

The Demographic, Clinical, Radiographic and Bronchoscopic Evaluation of Anthracosis and Anthracofibrosis Cases

“…The term "anthracotic" is usually used to describe coal and other black pigments of which carbon is a major constituent. Characteristically, coal deposits are present as black plaques in the bronchi [6]. The term "bronchial anthracofibrosis" is of fairly recent origin and has come to define a clinical entity with bronchial lumen narrowing and anthracotic pigmentation visible on bronchoscopy.…”

The association between bronchial anthracofibrosis and pneumoconiosis: A retrospective cross‐sectional study

“…First, it had a relatively large sample size (n=153), and 81 of these patients had BAC. This is relatively larger than the sample sizes of other studies on BAF/BAC 3,11,25) . Second, all the subjects underwent bronchoscopy, and detailed information about their occupational exposure to coal dust was obtained.…”

“…Bronchial anthracofibrosis (BAF) is defined as bronchial narrowing or obliteration that is associated with BAC 3) . Patients with BAF frequently complain that their sputum is hard to excrete physiologically due to wall narrowing 4) .…”

“…Thus, BAF may be a major risk factor of pneumonia 4,7) . BAF itself is associated with several risk factors, namely, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and tuberculosis 3,5,7,8) . Women in developing countries who are exposed over long periods to biomass fuel exhaust also often develop BAF 3,5) .…”

“…BAF itself is associated with several risk factors, namely, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and tuberculosis 3,5,7,8) . Women in developing countries who are exposed over long periods to biomass fuel exhaust also often develop BAF 3,5) . Moreover, a recent case series report from a British hospital and a letter about that report suggest that BAC and BAF are common in coal workers and other workers who are exposed to dust 9,10) .…”