Bronchogenic carcinoma in patients under 50 years old

Blanco, Montserrat; García-Fontán, Eva; Rivo, José Eduardo; Repáraz, José Ramón; Obeso, G; Cañizares, M.A.

doi:10.1007/s12094-009-0361-7

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This result is consistent with previous studies, which showed a bias toward females, non-smokers, and adenocarcinoma histology (2-7). There were several conflicting results that male (8) and smokers (6) were more prevalent, the severity of disease at presentation was not different (5), and squamous cell carcinoma was more frequently diagnosed than adenocarcinoma (4, 8). Furthermore, several studies have described similar overall survival in young and old patients with lung cancer (3, 6, 7), whereas, others have reported worse (4, 5) or better overall survival (2, 8) in young patients compared with old patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were several conflicting results that male (8) and smokers (6) were more prevalent, the severity of disease at presentation was not different (5), and squamous cell carcinoma was more frequently diagnosed than adenocarcinoma (4, 8). Furthermore, several studies have described similar overall survival in young and old patients with lung cancer (3, 6, 7), whereas, others have reported worse (4, 5) or better overall survival (2, 8) in young patients compared with old patients. The discrepancies might be due to the rare occurrence of lung cancer in young patients, differences in study designs enrolling surgically treated cases only or including unresectable cases, and age cut-off levels dividing young and old age groups, and differences in smoking habits, environments and ethnicity in the populations studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are many studies about lung cancer arising in young patients in the English literature (2-8). According to these studies, young patients are more commonly female (2, 3, 5-7) and non-smokers (3, 4), who more often have adenocarcinoma with a lower incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (2, 3, 5, 6), more often present with advanced disease (2, 7), and who have better (2, 8) or similar overall survival rates (3, 6, 7) when compared with older patients. However, differences are present in the clinical and pathologic findings, and in the prognosis between studies about lung cancer from different times and regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Clinicopathologic and Molecular Characteristics of Lung Adenocarcinoma Arising in Young Patients

Kim

Yoon

et al. 2012

J Korean Med Sci

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Lung cancer rarely occurs in young patients. Recent studies have demonstrated that epidemiologic data are closely correlated to some molecular characteristics. We investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma in young patients and evaluated immunohistochemically detected epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positivity. Among lung adenocarcinoma patients, 31 cases were of the ≤ 40 yr-old group and 261 cases of > 50 yr-old group. Young patients were more likely to be females (67.7% vs 40.2%), and nonsmokers (58.1% vs 45.2%) and more often had high TNM stage (stage IV was 80.6% vs 52.1%) and had a high rate of distant metastasis (51.6% vs 28.0%) compared with older patients. The signet ring cell feature was more common (25.8% vs 11.5%) and lepidic growth pattern was rarely present (3.2% vs 16.5%) in the adenocarcinoma of young patients. There was no significant survival difference between the two age groups. The rate of EGFR mutation status and ALK positivity did not show a statistical difference between two groups. In conclusion, lung adenocarcinoma of young patients demonstrates distinct pathologic features with frequent presence of a signet ring cell feature and rare occurrence of lepidic growth pattern. Further investigation for other genetic abnormalities would be needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Clinicopathologic and Molecular Characteristics of Lung Adenocarcinoma Arising in Young Patients

Kim

Yoon

et al. 2012

J Korean Med Sci

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“…Some studies concluded that young patients had a longer survival [10,12,13,[15][16][17][18], although the authors sometimes acknowledged that they received more aggressive treatment, others found a shorter survival [19], and many studies did not find any survival difference between young and older patients [9,14,[21][22][23][24]. However, these results cannot be compared because the cut-off used to define young patients varies from 40 to 50 years, and the populations included in these studies are heterogeneous, sometimes limited to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or adenocarcinoma or restricted to patients who underwent surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Lung Cancer in Patients Younger than 40 Years: A Prospective Multicenter Analysis in France

et al. 2018

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the demographic and clinico-pathological characteristics of lung cancer in patients younger than 40 years. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study performed within the Groupe Français de Pneumo-Cancérologie. Consecutive patients diagnosed with lung cancer before the age of 40 years were eligible. Data on demographics, medical history, clinico-pathological characteristics, treatment and overall survival were analysed. Results: In total, 146 patients were included from January 2011 to December 2013. Median age was 38 years (IQR: 34–40). Women accounted for 41%. Main histological type was adenocarcinoma (77%). Only 3% had a prior history of cancer, but a family history (first- or second-degree relatives) of cancer was reported in 80 (55%) patients; 85 and 50% were current or past smokers of tobacco and cannabis, respectively; 82% had stage IIIB/IV at diagnosis. Median overall survival was 15.3 (95% CI: 8.1–24.0) months in the whole population, 10.3 (95% CI: 12.5–14.2) months in stage IV and 15 (95% CI: 8.7–35.2) months in stage III. One- and two-year overall survival rates were 57% (95 CI: 49–65) and 31.5% (95 CI: 27–43), respectively. Compared to smokers, non-smokers were significantly younger and more often females. Median overall survival was not statistically different between smokers and non-smokers.

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“…8 According to these studies, the young patients are more commonly non-smoking females [9][10][11][12][13][14] with an advanced stage of adenocarcinoma and with a considerably lower incidence of squamous cell carcinoma. [10][11][12][13] Specific molecular and pathological features might be associated with lung adenocarcinomas arising in young, female non-smokers. Over the past decade, a plethora of data from genomic, mutational and proteomic profiling studies have led to the identification of additional molecular driver mutations in lung cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of research and treatment for non-small cell lung cancer in never-smoking females

Saito

Espinoza-Mercado

Liu

et al. 2017

Cancer Biology & Therapy

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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with over 1 million deaths each year. The overall prognosis of lung cancer patients remains unsatisfactory, with a 5-year overall survival rate of less than 15%. Although most lung cancers are a result of smoking, approximately 25% of lung cancer cases worldwide are not attributable to tobacco use. Notably, more than half of the lung cancer cases in women occur in non-smokers. Among non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases, cigarette-smokers have a greater association with squamous cell carcinoma than adenocarcinoma, which is more common in non-smokers. These findings imply that specific molecular and pathological features may associate with lung adenocarcinoma arising in non-smoker female patients. Over the past decade, whole genome sequencing and other '-omics' technologies led to the discovery of pathogenic mutations that drive tumor cell formation. These technological developments may enable tailored patient treatments throughout the course of their disease, potentially leading to improved patient outcomes. Some clinical and laboratory studies have shown success outcomes using epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in patients with EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangements, respectively. In fact, these 2 mutations are predominantly present in female non-smokers with adenocarcinoma. Immunotherapy has also recently emerged as a major therapeutic modality in NSCLC. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of NSCLC biology and new therapeutic molecular targets, focusing on the pathogenesis of non-smoker female NSCLC patients.

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Bronchogenic carcinoma in patients under 50 years old

Abstract: In our series, despite the differences in sex, smoking history and histology, the behaviour of the disease is similar in both age groups.

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Clinicopathologic and Molecular Characteristics of Lung Adenocarcinoma Arising in Young Patients

Clinicopathologic and Molecular Characteristics of Lung Adenocarcinoma Arising in Young Patients

Characteristics of Lung Cancer in Patients Younger than 40 Years: A Prospective Multicenter Analysis in France

Current status of research and treatment for non-small cell lung cancer in never-smoking females

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