Bronchomediastinal Fistula Caused by Endobronchial Aspergilloma

Argento, A. Christine; Wolfe, Cameron R.; Wahidi, Momen M.; Shofer, Scott; Mahmood, Kamran

doi:10.1513/annalsats.201406-247bc

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Revising the literature, ulcerative disruption of respiratory tract, descending from invasive Aspergillus laryngotracheal infection, are reported in adults [e.g., (9,10,14,20,25,(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)] and in adolescents (15 and 17 years old) (47,48) but not in pediatric patients. According to our knowledge, only Barnes et al (49) and Athanassiadou et al (50) described Aspergillus laryngotracheobronchitis in children (6 and 2 years old) affected by acute lymphocytic leukemia; however, in these cases, the characterizing elements included plaques and necrotic cells, whereas ulcerative lesions were not reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, the other case reports describing ulcers in Aspergillus laryngo-tracheobronchitis were mainly all positively managed with disease resolution. As for the fatal cases, death occurred for exacerbation of the concomitant disease (20,36,39) or complications secondary to its therapy (i.e., bone marrow transplantation) (47), respiratory failure, ARDS, and pulmonary disease (9,10,38,(41)(42)(43) up to cardiopulmonary arrest (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Case Report: Sudden Fatal Hemorrhage in Ulcerative Fungal Laryngotracheitis—A Pediatric Case Report

et al. 2022

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In this report, we describe an autopsy case of a child affected by acute lymphoblastic leukemia and opportunistic pulmonary aspergillosis. The patient died because of a full-thickness tracheal wall ulceration with right inferior thyroid artery lesion and sudden hemorrhage, likely ascribable to undiagnosed invasive Aspergillus laryngotracheitis. Aspergillus infection, particularly in immunocompromised patients, should be considered an urgent risk factor to manage as it may lead to sudden fatal events in absence of evident critical symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Sudden Fatal Hemorrhage in Ulcerative Fungal Laryngotracheitis—A Pediatric Case Report

et al. 2022

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“…The deployment of metallic or hybrid airway stent has been reported in post-transplant tracheobronchial stump stenosis due to aspergillus infection (2,6). The use of silicone stents has been described only on rare occasions in the setting of Aspergillus tracheobronchial infection including one case for airway stenosis after treatment of bronchomediastinal fistula and another for post-tuberculosis tracheal stricture with superimposed PTB (7,8). Finally, the issue of placing an airway stent in the setting of infection is a subject of debate (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex multimodality central airway management of aspergillus pseudomembranous tracheobronchitis

2017

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A 69-year-old woman developed central airway obstruction due to invasive infection resulting in pseudomembranous tracheobronchitis (PTB). Several challenges were encountered in the airway management of this patient including her having relatively smaller airways which were more prone to obstruction by pseudomembranes and made airway interventions difficult. The patient had clinical deterioration in spite of antifungal therapy and bronchoscopic debridement. The multimodality airway techniques included the use of smaller biliary balloons for dilatation, using a hybrid stent to slowly dilate and maintain patency of right main stem and finally the insertion of right secondary carina peripheral Y stent, which resulted in clinical improvement and allowed time for antifungal therapy to take effect. To the best of our knowledge, the use of a peripheral Y stent has never been described in the setting of PTB.

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“…Aspergillomas, also called fungus balls, consist of Aspergillus hyphae, fibrin, mucus, blood, and inflammatory and epithelial cells. [1,2] A tracheal diverticulum (TD) is an anatomical structure, the etiology and pathophysiology of which is still uncertain. Diverticula appear in congenital and acquired forms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An interesting localization of fungus ball: Paratracheal aspergilloma.

Doğan¹

2018

South Clin Ist Euras

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Objective: Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger are Aspergillus species that generally invade cavitary structures of the lungs and form fungus balls of Aspergillus hyphae, fibrin, mucus, blood, and inflammatory and epithelial cells; they are very rarely seen in extra-respiratory organs and systems. Tracheal diverticulum is a rare and mostly asymptomatic entity usually found in the paratracheal region, but its etiology and pathophysiology is not fully known. An interesting and very rare case of aspergilloma located in a tracheal diverticulum is presented in this article.

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Bronchomediastinal Fistula Caused by Endobronchial Aspergilloma

Abstract: Endobronchial aspergillomas may form fistulae to the mediastinum. Aggressive treatment with antifungals and bronchoscopic interventions are required.

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Case Report: Sudden Fatal Hemorrhage in Ulcerative Fungal Laryngotracheitis—A Pediatric Case Report

Case Report: Sudden Fatal Hemorrhage in Ulcerative Fungal Laryngotracheitis—A Pediatric Case Report

Complex multimodality central airway management of aspergillus pseudomembranous tracheobronchitis

An interesting localization of fungus ball: Paratracheal aspergilloma.

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