Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: The earliest and perhaps the longest lasting obstructive lung disease in humans

Carraro, Silvia; Filippone, Marco; Dalt, Liviana Da; Ferraro, Valentina; Maretti, M; Bressan, Silvia; Mazloum, Dania El; Baraldi, Eugenio

doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2013.07.015

Cited by 93 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…16,17 Even moderate prematurity may adversely affect the maturation process, resulting in an increased incidence of respiratory disease later in childhood. 18,19 Sedation/anesthesia may unmask subclinical pulmonary dysfunction, resulting in an increased likelihood of oxygen desaturation. Neurologic dysfunction commonly seen in preterm and former preterm infants may also play a role in the development of adverse events, including apnea and airway obstruction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preterm Versus Term Children: Analysis of Sedation/Anesthesia Adverse Events and Longitudinal Risk

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preterm Versus Term Children: Analysis of Sedation/Anesthesia Adverse Events and Longitudinal Risk

et al. 2016

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“…[11][12][13] One study showed infants born preterm compared to those born term at the same PMA had shorter sleep cycles, less trace alternant, more REM sleep, more/longer arousals, more body movements, and more rapid eye movements. 7 Less REM sleep time in 81 infants born 32 to 36 weeks PMA was associated with poorer developmental outcomes on the BSID-II at 6 months.…”

Section: Infants Sleep For Brainmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…It may be the longest-lasting obstructive lung disease in humans, often unrecognized and untreated in BPD survivors. 5,[7][8][9] More than half of 11-year-olds with a history of BPD had chronic cough and asthma-like symptoms than their term-born peers, but fewer than half were treated. 8 Adults who had BPD as infants are at increased risk for subclinical right ventricular dysfunction, obstructive lung disease, exercise intolerance, emphysema, asthma-like symptoms, and reduced quality of life due to respiratory symptoms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Infants Sleep for Brain

Grigg-Damberger

Wolfe

2017

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

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“…Thus, "new BPD" is characterized by the prominent arrest of both alveolar septation and vascular development and subsequent reduction in surface area for gas exchange. 48,50,51 Despite the well-described differences in the pathology of "new" compared with "old" BPD, children born prematurely in different eras seem to have remarkably similar long-term functional pulmonary abnormalities. 52 That is, during the last 30 years, survivors of BPD seem to display similar patterns of clinical dysfunction that persist into late childhood and early adulthood.…”

Section: -44mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BPD may be "the earliest & perhaps the longest lasting lung disease in humans." 51 Although asthma and chronic lung disease of the ex-premature share common clinical features, each has a distinct underlying pathology and etiology. Instead of the eosinophil-mediated inflammation and atopy typical of asthma, the ex-premature infant's recurrent broncho-obstructive symptoms result from abnormal growth and development of the architecture of the lung.…”

Section: Bpd: Incidence and Long-term Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes for Extremely Premature Infants

Glass

Costarino

Stayer

et al. 2015

Survey of Anesthesiology

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E ReView ARticle duration in weeks, measured from the first day of the last menstrual period and, by convention, gestation is recorded as completed weeks and never rounded up. For example, an infant who is born at 32 weeks and 4 days is defined as being 32 weeks. The definition of the "estimated date of confinement" (EDC), also known as the due date, is 40 weeks added to the first day of the last menstrual period and estimates the day when the infant will be born.5 "Postmenstrual age" (PMA) is the time elapsed between the first day of the last menstrual period and the current day, 5 and PMA also can be calculated as the gestational age plus the time elapsed after birth (chronologic age). PMA is used clinically during the perinatal period beginning after the day of birth. "Postconceptual age" is not synonymous with PMA.5 "Corrected age," also called the adjusted age, describes children up to 3 years of age who were born preterm. "Corrected age" represents the age of the child since the EDC. "Term" birth is classically defined as 37 to 42 weeks. Recently, a National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)-led group proposed subgrouping births between 37 and 39 weeks' gestation as "early term."6 "Preterm birth" is defined as any birth prior to 37 weeks' completed gestation or fewer than 259 days since the first day of the mother's last menstrual period. 2,3,5,6 Preterm birth often is subdivided further based on birth gestational age. "Late preterm" infants are those born 34 to less than 37 weeks' gestation, "moderate preterm" is designated as 32 to less than 34 weeks' gestation, "very preterm" is designated 28 to less than 32 weeks' gestation, and "extremely preterm," which is the primary focus of this discussion, is less than 28 weeks' gestational age 2,3,5,6 (Table 1). Other useful definitions include "small for gestational age" (SGA), defined as weight less than 10th percentile at a given fetal gestational age. "Large for gestational age" (LGA) is defined as weight greater than the 90th percentile for duration of gestation. Infants greater than 4500 g at term birth are LGA. 7 The terms SGA and LGA age do not distinguish among the various ideologies of these conditions. Low birth weight infants can be further classified into very low birth weight, which includes infants less than 1500 g, and extremely low birth weight infants (ELBW), which comprise infants less than 1000 g.A "live birth" is defined as the complete expulsion or extraction of the product of human conception regardless of the duration of pregnancy, and after such expulsion, the infant breathes or shows other evidence of life such as a beating heart, pulsation of the umbilical cord, or definitive movement of voluntary muscles. "Live birth" does not designate whether the umbilical cord has been cut or the placenta remains attached. Heartbeats need to be distinguished from transient cardiac contractions. Respirations need to be distinguished from fleeting respiratory efforts or gasps. "Fetal death" is death of the product of human conce...

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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: The earliest and perhaps the longest lasting obstructive lung disease in humans

Cited by 93 publications

References 43 publications

Preterm Versus Term Children: Analysis of Sedation/Anesthesia Adverse Events and Longitudinal Risk

Preterm Versus Term Children: Analysis of Sedation/Anesthesia Adverse Events and Longitudinal Risk

Infants Sleep for Brain

Outcomes for Extremely Premature Infants

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