Brønsted acid functionalized phthalocyanine on perylene diimide framework knotted with ionic liquid: An efficient photo-catalyst for production of biofuel component octyl levulinate at ambient conditions under visible light irradiation

Visible Light Mediated Heck Coupling of Inactivated Aryl Fluoride/Chloride Over a Sulfonic Acid Functionalized, Melamine‐based Metal‐free Porphyrin Photocatalyst

“…Where pKa‐ stability constant of the 4‐nitroaniline (0.99) used as a basic indicator, [I] and [IH + ] are the non‐protonated absorbance and protonated absorbance of a basic indicator. Hammett acidity value was obtained via UV‐visible spectrophotometer by employing procedure ascribed in literature with minor modification [70] . In the present case, aqueous unprotonated 4‐Nitroaniline was used as the Hammett indicator surfaced with maximum absorbance at 380 nm.…”

“…Hammett acidity value was obtained via UV-visible spectrophotometer by employing procedure ascribed in literature with minor modification. [70] In the present case, aqueous unprotonated 4-Nitroaniline was used as the Hammett indicator surfaced with maximum absorbance at 380 nm. Further, the acidity was measured by the addition of 10 mg of photocatalyst to 10 ml of 4-nitroaniline in a beaker and stirred for a certain time after which the mixture was filtered and its absorbance was measured.…”

Difluorobenzimidazole-decorated helical perylene diimide dimers for high-performance n-type organic field-effect transistors

“…[49][50][51][52][53][54] Besides, arisen as a novel design strategy, the installation of a benzimidazole group at the imide position of PDI with broken symmetry structure not only exhibits enhanced natural dipole moment and stronger intermolecular binding energy, but also results in a lower lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level due to the electron-deficient imine (-NQ) moiety, which may enhance the performance of devices. 49,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66] Moreover, substitution with strong electron-withdrawing fluorine groups will facilitate the device stability due to extended p-systems with excellent channel activity. 9,60,67 Based on the above considerations, in the present research, structures which were equipped with a mono-benzimidazole group or mono-difluorobenzimidazole group at one of the four imide groups of PDI2, namely MBI-PDI2 and FMBI-PDI2, were designed and synthesized (Scheme 1).…”

Synthesis of Tropine-Based Functionalized Acidic Ionic Liquids and Catalysis of Esterification

“…Multiple catalysts, including solid super acid [ 16 ], heteropoly acid [ 17 ], high-acidic cation exchange resin [ 18 ] and zeolite molecular sieve [ 19 ], have been employed with wide and intensive study in catalysis, yet the mechanism of these catalysts were heterogeneous catalysis with low catalytic activity, together with problems in complexity of synthetic process and high capital cost [ 20 ]. Application of ILs in esterification could effectively avoid excess of side reaction and increase productivity [ 21 , 22 ], compared with a conventional inorganic acid catalyst. AILs have both high reactivity and acidity that can be adjusted to a certain extent for different reaction requirements, as the acidity of the ionic liquid can be controlled by changing the length of the substituent and the carbon chain.…”