Bronze degradation processes in simulating archaeological soil media

Hassairi, H.; Bousselmi, Latifa; Triki, E.

doi:10.1007/s10008-009-0881-7

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In contrast to the swords, most spears were discovered in hoards or as single depositions and frequently placed in a boggy environment, which is more likely to create a protective patina layer (Tylecote 1979, Hassairi et al 2010. Even if they are placed on dry land, corrosion is usually less aggressive.…”

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confidence: 92%

Weapons, fighters and combat: spears and swords in Early Bronze Age Scandinavia

Horn¹

2013

Danish Journal of Archaeology

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This article deals with the use-wear analysis of 204 weapons of Period I of the Early Nordic Bronze Age. The analysed sample contained 154 spearheads and 50 swords and was made up of approximately one-third of the contemporaneous weapons in Southern Scandinavia. The use-wear analysis was undertaken with a source critical view on corrosion and other taphonomic processes. The information obtained was used to see how use-wear and taphonomic processes influence each other. Use-wear analysis was employed to evaluate statements regarding the functionality, or rather non-functionality, of Early Bronze Age weaponry. According to the results, spears and swords were not only functional but also very frequently used. Further deductions can be made from the material. Despite a difference in the scale of fighting, spears and swords show essentially the same kind of combat wear. It is argued that this relates to essentially similar styles of fighting that employ both cutting and stabbing movements and are perhaps most appropriately termed 'fencing'. This style of fighting possibly emerged from frequent encounters of sword and spear fighters in the closely interconnected world of Southern Scandinavia during Period I of the Early Bronze Age. In these engagements, a partial homogenising effect of warfare and fighting becomes visible. Yet, it is not the only effect that accompanies combat and war. Diversification and homogenisation are not mutually exclusive or contradictive. Accordingly, they took place simultaneously and helped develop fighting styles and weapon technologies.

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confidence: 92%

Weapons, fighters and combat: spears and swords in Early Bronze Age Scandinavia

Horn¹

2013

Danish Journal of Archaeology

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“…The use of VMP to provide diagnostic criteria on metal conservation has been described by Costa et al [54,82,111,112]. Recent studies involve evaluation of the compatibility between metals and sealing products [113], and analysis of bronze degradation processes in simulating archaeological soil media [114]. Combination of VMP data with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and electrochemical noise has also been proposed for establishing electrochemical diagnostic criteria for metal conservation [115].…”

Section: Studies On Corrosion Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical analysis of metallic heritage artefacts: voltammetry of microparticles (VMP)

Doménech‐Carbó

2013

Corrosion and Conservation of Cultural Heritage Metallic Artefacts

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“…For what concerns the metallic artworks, electrochemical techniques can offer valuable methodologies to perform in situ and non-destructive or micro-invasive characterisation of the surfaces [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Among them, in particular, linear polarisation resistance (LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) allow performing real-time measurements of the corrosion rate of the surfaces [9][10][11][12][13] and give information about the protection provided by patinas and anti-corrosion treatments [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of the setup of LPR and EIS measurements for the onsite, non-invasive study of metallic artefacts

Petiti

Gulotta

Mariani³

et al. 2020

J Solid State Electrochem

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Electrochemical techniques have been successfully applied in the past as non-destructive techniques to the cultural heritage field. In particular, linear polarisation resistance (LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) have been employed for the onsite monitoring of corrosion on metallic works of art, providing valuable results. Such techniques have been successfully adapted from the industrial field for this particular kind of application, but a systematic evaluation of the influence of all experimental settings on the obtained results is still lacking: several factors and parameters can affect the results, and it is important to properly consider their influence for a reliable interpretation of data. Therefore, in this work, the influence of a series of experimental parameters was evaluated in order to obtain a reliable and time-effective setup by performing a series of tests on a bronze artefact. Several variables were considered, with particular attention to those affecting the reproducibility and reliability of the measurements, as well as the duration of each single acquisition. It was demonstrated, in fact, that an optimised experimental setup from the point of view of the duration could improve also reproducibility and reliability of the measurements. The optimised protocol was then adopted in the framework of a diagnostic campaign of the Monumento ai Caduti (War Memorial) of Lecco (IT)

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Bronze degradation processes in simulating archaeological soil media

Cited by 13 publications

References 29 publications

Weapons, fighters and combat: spears and swords in Early Bronze Age Scandinavia

Weapons, fighters and combat: spears and swords in Early Bronze Age Scandinavia

Electrochemical analysis of metallic heritage artefacts: voltammetry of microparticles (VMP)

Optimisation of the setup of LPR and EIS measurements for the onsite, non-invasive study of metallic artefacts

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