Bronze‐Phase TiO₂ as Anode Materials in Lithium and Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Titanium dioxide of bronze phase (TiO2(B)) has attracted considerable attention as a promising alternative lithium/sodium‐ion battery anode due to its excellent operation safety, good reversible capacity, and environmental friendliness. However, several intrinsic critical drawbacks, including moderate electrochemical kinetics and unsatisfactory long cyclic stability, significantly limit its practical applications. It is crucial to develop reliable strategies to resolve these issues to advance the TiO2(B) based materials into practical applications in lithium/sodium‐ion batteries. In this review, both the theoretical and experimental investigations on the TiO2(B) based materials over the last few decades are chronically elaborated. Insights on the general and detailed evolution trends of the research on TiO2(B) anodes are provided. The review also points to future directions for the TiO2(B) anode research to advance the practical application of TiO2(B) anodes.

A Novel Hybrid Point Defect of Oxygen Vacancy and Phosphorus Doping in TiO2 Anode for High-Performance Sodium Ion Capacitor

“…However, the main challenge lies in the unsatisfactory kinetic behavior of the anode material when is assembled with the cathode material (typically active carbon, AC) [10,11]. For example, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is considered as an ideal anode material due to its low cost, good cycle stability, high theoretical capacity (335 mAh g −1 ), non-toxicity and nearly zero-strain during charging and discharging process [12][13][14][15]. Nevertheless, the low conductivity (~ 10 -12 S cm −1 ) and the slow diffusion rate of Na + in TiO 2 severely limit its practical application.…”

Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Sn(SnO2)/TiO2(B) Nanocomposite Anode Materials with Ultrafast Charging and Stable Cycling for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…14−16 Titanium dioxide in the phase of bronze, or TiO 2 (B), is another potential anode material. 17 Compared to other TiO 2 polymorphs, rutile TiO 2 is the most thermodynamically stable TiO 2 polymorph, but it is also one of the least practicable for electrochemical lithium storage. The irreversible phase transformation to a cubic rock salt structure, which is important to electrochemical cycling, is one explanation for this disadvantage.…”

“…Titanium dioxide in the phase of bronze, or TiO 2 (B), is another potential anode material . Compared to other TiO 2 polymorphs, rutile TiO 2 is the most thermodynamically stable TiO 2 polymorph, but it is also one of the least practicable for electrochemical lithium storage.…”

Light-Induced Defect Formation and Pt Single Atoms Synergistically Boost Photocatalytic H2 Production in 2D TiO2-Bronze Nanosheets

“…The crystal structure of TiO 2 can assume different periodic organizations resulting in the formation of three common polymorphs, namely, anatase (tetragonal), rutile (tetragonal), and brookite (orthorhombic). , These three crystal phases are the most widely investigated, whereas the bronze phase with the monoclinic crystal structure is less studied for photocatalytic H 2 production. Low-dimensional materials such as atomically thick two-dimensional (2D) TiO 2 -bronze nanosheets (TiO 2 -BNS) have been recently used in lithium-ion batteries owing to the open channels along the [010] direction, which facilitate the transportation of lithium ions. − Moreover, 2D nanosheets allow also short-distance diffusions of photoinduced charge carriers, thus promoting the separation of charge carriers and resulting in higher photocatalytic activities. , In this study, less explored TiO 2 -BNS were used for green H 2 production due to their high surface areas, unique (010) crystal planes, and presence of sufficient reactive sites.…”