Brote de tiña por Trichophyton tonsurans en una escuela básica de Valparaíso, Chile

Abstract

Ringworm of Trichophyton tonsurans outbreak in a basic school in Valparaíso, Chile Background: Ringworm are skin and its annexes infections. Trichophyton tonsurans is an emergent anthropophilic fungus that might cause outbreaks. Aim: To describe a ringworm outbreak by T. tonsurans in an elementary school in Valparaíso, Chile. Methods: A descriptive study was run between June and August, 2018. Students and his closest relatives in contact with them who were clinically diagnosed with ringworm have been considered a case. Mycological studies of samples had been carried out through morphophysiology tests. Data are shown in numbers and percentages. Results: There were 18 cases, 16 kids (15 from kindergarten) and 2 adults. Attack rate was 68% in kindergarten. Nine cases were boys with average age of 6 years old. For 14 cases their nationality was Chilean and in 1 case Haitian. First case was a Chilean boy, and primary case was a Haitian boy. The most frequent location was face. Ten cases yielded positive cultures for T. tonsurans. Most of the patients needed terbinafine treatment after a therapeutic failure performed with clotrimazole. Conclusion: T. tonsurans outbreak ocurred mainly in kindergarten male. The most frequent location was face. Most of the patients needed terbinafine treatment after a therapeutic failure with clotrimazole.

Brote de tinea capitis tricofítica en un grupo de niños escolares en un área rural del departamento del Cauca, Colombia

“…Este brote de tinea capitis afectó más frecuentemente a la población infantil masculina, similar a lo que indican algunas revisiones sobre el tema 13 , trabajos de investigación y otros brotes de tinea capitis , en países como España 9 , Chile 16 , Paraguay 21 , Turquía 22 , India y Egipto 23 . Sin embargo, un estudio realizado en Guatemala indicó que el sexo femenino fue el más afectado 24 .…”

“…Recientemente, se reportó una predilección genética de sufrir dermatofitosis relacionada con la deficiencia de la proteína de tipo caspasa CARD9, la expresión de moléculas del complejo mayor de histocompatibilidad HLA-DR4 y HLA-DR8, la baja expresión de la interleucina 22, β-defensina 2 y 4, así como mutaciones en la dectina 1, lo que aumenta la prevalencia de la enfermedad en miembros de una misma familia 31 . Además, las migraciones de poblaciones influyen en la distribución de la enfermedad, lo que ha ocasionado un cambio en su perfil epidemiológico 9 , 12 , 16 , 23 , 32 , 33 …”

“…reportaron un brote epidémico en cuatro niños de una aldea para huérfanos en Bogotá 35 . Otros brotes en población escolar y causados por este mismo agente etiológico, se han reportado en Valparaíso (Chile) 16 , en Madrid (España) 36 y en París (Francia) 37 .…”

Increasing incidence of Trichophyton tonsurans in Munich—A single‐centre observation

“…19,20 It has also been linked to outbreaks in other areas with social interaction, like kindergartens, schools and workplaces. [21][22][23][24] In Germany, however, T. tonsurans has thus far only played a minor role in tinea corporis and tinea capitis, 1,13 with only a few local outbreaks being described. [25][26][27][28] This study aims to determine the proportion of T. tonsurans culture-positive patients relative to all dermatophyte culture-positive patients in the dermatology department of a large university hospital in Germany from 2019 to 2022.…”

“…T. tonsurans is known for being the leading pathogen of tinea gladiatorum , a fungal skin infection that occurs among martial arts athletes through close body contact or shared sporting equipment like training mats 19,20 . It has also been linked to outbreaks in other areas with social interaction, like kindergartens, schools and workplaces 21–24 . In Germany, however, T. tonsurans has thus far only played a minor role in tinea corporis and tinea capitis , 1,13 with only a few local outbreaks being described 25–28 …”