Broviac Catheter-Related Candidemia

Castagnola, Elio; Marazzi, Maria Grazia; Tacchella, A; Giacchino, Raffaella

doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000172929.23419.cb

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Our data with ABLC provide further support for the use of antifungal lock therapy to treat catheter-associated biofilms and provide rationale for the case reports documenting the successful salvage of catheters on which Candida biofilms formed using amphotericin B-based antifungal lock therapy [32][33][34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Amphotericin B lipid complex is efficacious in the treatment of Candida albicans biofilms using a model of catheter-associated Candida biofilms

Mukherjee

Long

Kim

et al. 2009

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Amphotericin B lipid complex is efficacious in the treatment of Candida albicans biofilms using a model of catheter-associated Candida biofilms

Mukherjee

Long

Kim

et al. 2009

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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“…Staphyloccus species were selected as controls for two reasons: (i) unlike its effect on Candida biofilms, ethanol is known to enhance the production of Staphylococcus biofilm (10)(11)(12)(32)(33)(34), and (ii) in contrast to Candida biofilm, ADH1 expression is known to be upregulated in Staphylococcus biofilms (3,22). The rabbit model was used in these studies because the model has been used to screen the antibiofilm activities of antifungal agents (24,61) and has been shown to be clinically relevant (5). Our data showed that lock therapy with 50% ethanol inhibited biofilms formed by C. albicans on in vivo catheters but had no effect on the biofilmforming ability of S. epidermidis or S. aureus (Table 3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Dehydrogenase Restricts the Ability of the Pathogen Candida albicans To Form a Biofilm on Catheter Surfaces through an Ethanol-Based Mechanism

et al. 2006

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Candida biofilms formed on indwelling medical devices are increasingly associated with severe infections. In this study, we used proteomics and Western and Northern blotting analyses to demonstrate that alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is downregulated in Candida biofilms. Disruption of ADH1 significantly (P ‫؍‬ 0.0046) enhanced the ability of Candida albicans to form biofilm. Confocal scanning laser microscopy showed that the adh1 mutant formed thicker biofilm than the parent strain (210 m and 140 m, respectively). These observations were extended to an engineered human oral mucosa and an in vivo rat model of catheterassociated biofilm. Inhibition of Candida ADH enzyme using disulfiram and 4-methylpyrazole resulted in thicker biofilm (P < 0.05). Moreover, biofilms formed by the adh1 mutant strain produced significantly smaller amounts of ethanol, but larger amounts of acetaldehyde, than biofilms formed by the parent and revertant strains (P < 0.0001), demonstrating that the effect of Adh1p on biofilm formation is mediated by its enzymatic activity. Furthermore, we found that 10% ethanol significantly inhibited biofilm formation in vitro, with complete inhibition of biofilm formation at ethanol concentrations of >20%. Similarly, using a clinically relevant rabbit model of catheter-associated biofilm, we found that ethanol treatment inhibited biofilm formation by C. albicans in vivo (P < 0.05) but not by Staphylococcus spp. (P > 0.05), indicating that ethanol specifically inhibits Candida biofilm formation. Taken together, our studies revealed that Adh1p contributes to the ability of C. albicans to form biofilms in vitro and in vivo and that the protein restricts biofilm formation through an ethanol-dependent mechanism. These results are clinically relevant and may suggest novel antibiofilm treatment strategies.

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“…However, catheter removal is not always feasible due to different catheter types and patient conditions. Case reports have demonstrated the efficacy of lipid formulations of amphotericin B and echinocandins in the treatment of catheter‐associated candidiasis 43–45 . For example, Castagnola et al.…”

Section: Treatment Of Candida Biofilm Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Castagnola et al. [43] used antifungal lock therapy with liposomal amphotericin B (L‐AmB) for the treatment of C . parapsilosis broviac catheter‐related fungemia in an infant receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) because of severe intestinal lymphangiectasia.…”

Section: Treatment Of Candida Biofilm Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida biofilms associated with CVC and medical devices

Chandra

Mukherjee

Ghannoum

2012

Mycoses

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Summary Intravascular device‐related infections are often associated with biofilms (microbial communities encased within polysaccharide‐rich extracellular matrix) formed by pathogens on surfaces of these devices. Candida species are the most common fungi isolated from catheter, denture and voice prosthesis‐associated infections, and also are commonly isolated from contact lens‐related infections (e.g. fungal keratitis). These biofilms exhibit decreased susceptibility to most antimicrobial agents, which contributes to the persistence of infection. Drug resistance in fungal biofilms is multifactorial and phase‐dependent, e.g. efflux pumps mediate resistance in biofilms during early phase whereas altered membrane sterol composition contributes to resistance in mature phase. Both substrate type and surface coatings play an important role in the pathogenesis of device‐related fungal biofilms. Microarray and proteomic analyses have identified the differentially expressed genes and proteins in Candida biofilms, and recent studies demonstrate that microbial biofilms interact with host immune cells. In this review, we will summarise recent advances in research on fungal biofilms and their relevance to device‐associated infections.

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Broviac Catheter-Related Candidemia

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

Amphotericin B lipid complex is efficacious in the treatment of Candida albicans biofilms using a model of catheter-associated Candida biofilms

Amphotericin B lipid complex is efficacious in the treatment of Candida albicans biofilms using a model of catheter-associated Candida biofilms

Alcohol Dehydrogenase Restricts the Ability of the Pathogen Candida albicans To Form a Biofilm on Catheter Surfaces through an Ethanol-Based Mechanism

Candida biofilms associated with CVC and medical devices

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