Brown algal pyrenoids

Y., E.

doi:10.1007/bf01281014

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The Scytothamnales have a pyrenoid in the center of stellate plastids (Peters and Clayton 1998), whereas Asterocladon , Asteronema , and Bachelotia , which are insertae sedis , have several terminal pyrenoids in the ribbon‐shaped plastids (Müller et al 1998). In contrast, the pyrenoid is absent in other brown algae (Evans 1966, 1968, Chi 1971, Hori 1971, Hori and Ueda 1975, Henry 1984). The absence/presence of the pyrenoid in the Ishigeaceae has been contentious.…”

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confidence: 99%

A NEW BROWN ALGAL ORDER, ISHIGEALES (PHAEOPHYCEAE), ESTABLISHED ON THE BASIS OF PLASTID PROTEIN‐CODING rbcL, psaA, AND psbA REGION COMPARISONS¹

Cho

Lee

Boo

2004

Journal of Phycology

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The brown algal family Ishigeaceae currently includes a single genus, Ishige Yendo, with two species. The relationship of the family to other brown algal lineages is less studied in terms of their plastid ultrastructure and molecular phylogeny. We determined the sequences of rbcL from four samples of the two Ishige species and nine putative relatives and the psaA and psbA sequences from 37 representatives of the brown algae. Analyses of individual and combined data sets resulted in similar trees; however, the concatenated data gave greater resolution and clade support than each individual gene. In all the phylogenies, the Phaeophyceae was well resolved, the Ectocarpales being placed in a terminal position and the Ishigeaceae ending up in a basal position. From our ultrastructural study, we concluded that the pyrenoid is absent in the Ishigeaceae, despite the presence of a rudimentary pyrenoid in I. okamurae. These results suggest that the Ishigeaceae is an early diverging brown lineage. Our molecular and morphological data, therefore, lead us to exclude the Ishigeaceae from the Ectocarpales s.l., which have an elaborate pyrenoid, and to propose its own order Ishigeales ord. nov. The Ishigeales is distinguished by oligostichous structure of thalli, phaeophycean hairs formed within cryptostomata, unilocular sporangia transformed from terminal cortical cells, and plurilocular sporangia lacking sterile terminal cells. This study is the first to document the utility of the psaA and psbA sequences for brown algae and also the first report on the multigene phylogeny of the Phaeophyceae based on three protein-coding plastid genes.

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A NEW BROWN ALGAL ORDER, ISHIGEALES (PHAEOPHYCEAE), ESTABLISHED ON THE BASIS OF PLASTID PROTEIN‐CODING rbcL, psaA, AND psbA REGION COMPARISONS¹

Cho

Lee

Boo

2004

Journal of Phycology

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“…Although, for example, the cells of Splachnidium and Scytothamnus usually have a single stellate plastid with a central pyrenoid (Delépine et al 1976, Clayton 1986, Peters and Clayton 1998) and the fucalean and laminarialean brown algae lack pyrenoids (Evans 1966, Chi 1971, Hori 1971, 1972), in many brown algae chloroplasts contain conspicuously protruding pyrenoids. Thylakoids do not enter the pyrenoid matrix, and the cytoplasmic surface of the pyrenoid is invested with two pairs of membranes (Bouck 1965).…”

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NEW PYRENOID FORMATION IN THE BROWN ALGA,SCYTOSIPHON LOMENTARIA(SCYTOSIPHONALES, PHAEOPHYCEAE)¹

Nagasato

Motomura

2002

Journal of Phycology

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The Scytosiphon lomentaria (Lyngbye) Link cell characteristically has only one chloroplast with a prominent protruding pyrenoid. We observed the appearance of a new pyrenoid in each chloroplast during first mitosis in zygotes of S. lomentaria, using the freeze substitution technique. At first, a pyrenoid matrix appeared within the outermost stroma, in which thylakoid triplets and ribosomes were absent. At this time, the surface of this part remained smooth. The old pyrenoid was covered with a pyrenoid cap on the cytoplasmic side, whereas there was no pyrenoid cap on the new pyrenoid before protrusion. Irregularly shaped membranous sacs containing fine granular materials associated with the cytoplasmic side of the new pyrenoid. The sacs fused with each other and changed conformation and finally transformed into the pyrenoid cap. The new pyrenoid gradually protruded toward the cytoplasm, and the new pyrenoid cap became curved along the surface of pyrenoid. Cytokinesis occurred, and each chloroplast had two prominent protruding pyrenoids in two‐celled zygotes. We examined immunolocalization of β‐1,3‐glucans within the pyrenoid cap with a monoclonal antibody, using EM. Gold particles indicating localization of β‐1,3‐glucans were detected in vacuoles but never in the pyrenoid cap. This observation suggests that the pyrenoid cap in brown algae contains no photosynthetic products such as polysaccharide.

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“…183-189). Among the reagents tested were vanillin-hydrochloric acid, piperonal-sulfuric acid, and Feldmann and Guglielmi (1972) see text Oliveira and Bisalputra (1973) McCully (1968); Evans and Holligan (1972b); Feldmann and Guglielmi (1972) Bouck (1965); Chi (1971); Hori (1972) McCully (1966) McCully (l966)…”

Section: Evidence For Thepresence Ofphloroglucinol-likepolyphenolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physodes and the Phenolic Compounds of Brown Algae. Composition and Significance of Physodes in vivo

Ragan¹

1976

Botanica Marina

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The composition and significance of physodes, brown algal subcellulai bodies characterized by reactivity with vanillin-hydrochloric acid, have been the subject of debate for the past Century. This research is critically reviewed, and it is demonstrated that aJthough physodes aie primarily composed of phloroglucinol derivatives, they may also contain other tannins and terpenes. The recent discoveries of homologous series of phloroglucinol polymers in brown algal extracts provide an attractive chemical rationalization for the observed heterogeneity of physodes.

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Brown algal pyrenoids

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

A NEW BROWN ALGAL ORDER, ISHIGEALES (PHAEOPHYCEAE), ESTABLISHED ON THE BASIS OF PLASTID PROTEIN‐CODING rbcL, psaA, AND psbA REGION COMPARISONS¹

A NEW BROWN ALGAL ORDER, ISHIGEALES (PHAEOPHYCEAE), ESTABLISHED ON THE BASIS OF PLASTID PROTEIN‐CODING rbcL, psaA, AND psbA REGION COMPARISONS¹

NEW PYRENOID FORMATION IN THE BROWN ALGA,SCYTOSIPHON LOMENTARIA(SCYTOSIPHONALES, PHAEOPHYCEAE)¹

Physodes and the Phenolic Compounds of Brown Algae. Composition and Significance of Physodes in vivo

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Brown algal pyrenoids

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

A NEW BROWN ALGAL ORDER, ISHIGEALES (PHAEOPHYCEAE), ESTABLISHED ON THE BASIS OF PLASTID PROTEIN‐CODING rbcL, psaA, AND psbA REGION COMPARISONS1

A NEW BROWN ALGAL ORDER, ISHIGEALES (PHAEOPHYCEAE), ESTABLISHED ON THE BASIS OF PLASTID PROTEIN‐CODING rbcL, psaA, AND psbA REGION COMPARISONS1

NEW PYRENOID FORMATION IN THE BROWN ALGA,SCYTOSIPHON LOMENTARIA(SCYTOSIPHONALES, PHAEOPHYCEAE)1

Physodes and the Phenolic Compounds of Brown Algae. Composition and Significance of Physodes in vivo

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A NEW BROWN ALGAL ORDER, ISHIGEALES (PHAEOPHYCEAE), ESTABLISHED ON THE BASIS OF PLASTID PROTEIN‐CODING rbcL, psaA, AND psbA REGION COMPARISONS¹

A NEW BROWN ALGAL ORDER, ISHIGEALES (PHAEOPHYCEAE), ESTABLISHED ON THE BASIS OF PLASTID PROTEIN‐CODING rbcL, psaA, AND psbA REGION COMPARISONS¹

NEW PYRENOID FORMATION IN THE BROWN ALGA,SCYTOSIPHON LOMENTARIA(SCYTOSIPHONALES, PHAEOPHYCEAE)¹