Brown Spider Venom: The Identification and Biotechnological Potential of Venom Toxins

Chaves-Moreira, Daniele; Trevisan-Silva, Dilza; Gremski, Luiza Helena; Veiga, Sílvio Sanches

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6416-3_28

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Bacterial extracellular toxic SMases D are produced by certain strains of pathogenic Corynebacterium genus, namely by the causative agent of Caseous lymphadenitis in small ruminant populations throughout the world ( C. pseudotuberculosis ) which is associated with bovine mastitis and which also inhabits the normal human pharynx where it occasionally gives rise to a diphtheria‐like disease [Lipsky et al, ; Tarazi and Al‐Ani, ]. Brown spider's bites ( Loxosceles spider genus) represent a severe public health problem in Brazil with about 4,000 cases reported per year [SINAN, 2016] and the toxicity is mostly due to SMase D and leads to Loxoscelism [Swanson and Vetter, ; Chaves‐Moreira et al, ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial and Arachnid Sphingomyelinases D: Comparison of Biophysical and Pathological Activities

et al. 2017

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Sphingomyelinases D have only been identified in arachnid venoms, Corynebacteria, Arcanobacterium, Photobacterium and in the fungi Aspergillus and Coccidioides. The arachnid and bacterial enzymes share very low sequence identity and do not contain the HKD sequence motif characteristic of the phospholipase D superfamily, however, molecular modeling and circular dichroism of SMases D from Loxosceles intermedia and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis indicate similar folds. The phospholipase, hemolytic and necrotic activities and mice vessel permeabilities were compared and both enzymes possess the ability to hydrolyze phospholipids and also promote similar pathological reactions in the host suggesting the existence of a common underlying mechanism in tissue disruption. J. Cell. Biochem. 118:2053-2063, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial and Arachnid Sphingomyelinases D: Comparison of Biophysical and Pathological Activities

et al. 2017

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“…Envenomation can result in disfiguring dermonecrotic lesions (cutaneous loxoscelism) and in hemolytic anemia, renal failure, and coagulopathy, which can be fatal (systemic loxoscelism) [Hogan et al, ; Chaves‐Moreira et al, ; Gremski et al, ]. To date, there is no specific treatment for loxoscelism [Isbister and Fan, ; Malaque et al, ].…”

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Potential Implications for Designing Drugs Against the Brown Spider Venom Phospholipase‐D

Chaves-Moreira

Moraes

Caruso

et al. 2016

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Loxoscelism refers to the clinical symptoms that develop after brown spider bites. Brown spider venoms contain several phospholipase-D isoforms, which are the main toxins responsible for both the cutaneous and systemic effects of loxoscelism. Understanding of the phospholipase-D catalytic mechanism is crucial for the development of specific treatment that could reverse the toxic effects caused by the spider bite. Based on enzymatic, biological, structural, and thermodynamic tests, we show some features suitable for designing drugs against loxoscelism. Firstly, through molecular docking and molecular dynamics predictions, we found three different molecules (Suramin, Vu0155056, and Vu0359595) that were able to bind the enzyme's catalytic site and interact with catalytically important residues (His12 or His47) and with the Mg co-factor. The binding promoted a decrease in the recombinant brown spider venom phospholipase-D (LiRecDT1) enzymatic activity. Furthermore, the presence of the inhibitors reduced the hemolytic, dermonecrotic, and inflammatory activities of the venom toxin in biological assays. Altogether, these results indicate the mode of action of three different LiRecDT1 inhibitors, which were able to prevent the venom toxic effects. This strengthen the idea of the importance of designing a specific drug to treat the serious clinical symptoms caused by the brown spider bite, a public health problem in several parts of the world, and until now without specific treatment. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 726-738, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Brown Spider Venom: The Identification and Biotechnological Potential of Venom Toxins

Cited by 2 publications

References 67 publications

Bacterial and Arachnid Sphingomyelinases D: Comparison of Biophysical and Pathological Activities

Bacterial and Arachnid Sphingomyelinases D: Comparison of Biophysical and Pathological Activities

Potential Implications for Designing Drugs Against the Brown Spider Venom Phospholipase‐D

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