Browsing mixed structured and unstructured data

Abstract

Both structured and unstructured data, as well as structured data representing several different types of tuples, may be integrated into a single list for browsing or retrieval. Data may be arranged in the Gray code order of the features and metadata, producing optimal ordering for browsing. We provide several metrics for evaluating the performance of systems supporting browsing, given some constraints. Metadata and indexing terms are used for sorting keys and attributes for structured data, as well as for semi-structured or unstructured documents, images, media, etc. Economic and information theoretic models are suggested that enable the ordering to adapt to user preferences. Different relational structures and unstructured data may be integrated into a single, optimal ordering for browsing or for displaying tables in digital libraries, database management systems, or information retrieval systems. Adaptive displays of data are discussed. ¡The author wishes to acknowledge the useful, constructive comments of an anonymous referee.

Data Collection Interfaces in Online Communities: The Impact of Data Structuredness and Nature of Shared Content on Perceived Information Quality

“…In the experiments, three online information collection interfaces were designed with different degrees of structure. We used the following popular and commonly used degrees of data structure [36], [38]:…”

“…One of the factors that has yet to be studied is data structuredness. In this research, data structuredness refers to the degree an interface allows for various representations of data [36]. Data structuredness illustrates the extent to which the collected data is organized within pre-defined fields and can thereby be directly processed [37].…”

“…Data structuredness illustrates the extent to which the collected data is organized within pre-defined fields and can thereby be directly processed [37]. Losee [36] used three categories for interface design in terms of degree of structure. A format with the lowest degree of data structure is unstructured (flexible) format in which data fields are text areas, and users can write their answers in sentences or paragraphs.…”

“…On the other hand, structured (fixed) format has higher degree of structure in which users are allowed to select the preferred answer among the pre-defined options. In this format, data is collected through drop-down menus, multiple-choice options, or some kind of predefined categories [36], [38]. In this research, the flexibility and design of data collection interface is referred to as data structuredness.…”

A domain-independent, ontology-agnostic approach to leveraging unstructured data sources

“…In the paper, a simple query language, UnQL, for optimally querying such structures is proposed. Other related work for representing both structured and non-structured (semi-structured and unstructured) data together is described in [8]. The author describes the representation of the data using metadata and indexing terms ordered in Gray code (a binary code system).…”