Brucellosis in Ringed Seals and Harp Seals from Canada

Forbes, Lorry B.; Nielsen, Ole; Measures, Lena N.; Ewalt, Darla R.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-36.3.595

Cited by 47 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For further characterisation, 49 of the isolated marine Brucella strains were investigated by conventional phenotypic methods. All strains demonstrated a CO 2 -dependent growth, a phenomenon previously described in Brucella isolates from seals , 2002, Jahans et al 1997, Payeur et al 1998, Forbes et al 2000. Cetacean strains are usually able to grow without CO 2 supplement; however, the only cetacean strain involved in the present study did not show this ability.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…8), none of the tested isolates differed from earlier reports (Garner et al 1997, Jahans et al 1997, Clavareau et al 1998, Payeur et al 1998, Forbes et al 2000 ferentiate the marine Brucella strains, IS711 fingerprinting was carried out. Compared to classical Brucella strains (except B. ovis), all 49 marine isolates from the German North Sea possessed a higher number of IS711 copies in their genome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Incidence of Brucella species in marine mammals of the German North Sea

Prenger‐Berninghoff¹,

Siebert²,

Stede³

et al. 2008

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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In this study, organ samples from 426 common seals Phoca vitulina, 298 harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena, 34 grey seals Halichoerus grypus and 10 other marine mammals were assessed for the presence of Brucella species. Forty-seven common seals, 2 harbour porpoises and 1 grey seal were found to be positive for these bacteria. A total of 91 Brucella strains were successfully isolated, due to the fact that Brucella spp. were found in more than one organ sample in 15 animals. The primary organ in which the bacteria were present was the lung. In addition, 2 strains were isolated from lungworms (Parafilaroides spp.). Forty-nine of the isolated strains were selected for further analysis using conventional phenotyping methods. Molecular characterisation was carried out by analysing the IS711 and omp2 loci. With respect to the distribution of the IS711 loci in the genome, the 49 field isolates differed strongly from the terrestrial Brucella species and marginally from the marine Brucella reference strain NCTC12890. Based on the results of the PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) investigation of the omp2 locus, the majority of the Brucella field isolates were classified as B. pinnipediae, recently proposed B. pinnipedialis, possessing 1 omp2a gene and 1 omp2b gene. Two field isolates revealed the presence of 2 omp2a genes, as has been described for Brucella ovis. To our knowledge, these results confirm for the first time the presence of Brucella species in the marine mammal population of the German North Sea. These findings highlight the need for additional research on the relevance of these Brucella species for marine hosts and their environment. KEY WORDS: Brucella species · Marine mammals · Phenotypic and molecular investigation · German North Sea Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher OPEN PEN ACCESS CCESS Contribution to DAO Special 3: 'Marine vertebrate zoonoses'Dis Aquat Org 81: [65][66][67][68][69][70][71] 2008 marine Brucella isolates (Clavareau et al. 1998, Bricker et al. 2000, Cloeckaert et al. 2000.A further distinction of the marine Brucella species is possible when analysing the genus-specific omp2-locus. This locus consists of the 2 closely related genes omp2a and omp2b. Both share an approximated 85% DNA homology; they are separated by 900 bp and oriented in opposite directions (Ficht et al. 1989). Current data suggest the gene arrangement is conserved in all Brucella species. Therefore, distinction between the Brucella species and some of their biovars can be performed by PCR-restiction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis (Cloeckaert et al. 1995). In a further study, Cloeckaert et al. (2001) obtained data which led to a subdivision of the marine Brucella isolates into 2 groups. The strains isolated from seals and 1 otter possessed 1 omp2a and 1 omp2b gene, representing the formerly proposed species B. pinnipediae. In contrast, Brucella isolates from dolphins and porpoises possessed no omp2a but 2 omp2b genes, thus iden...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Incidence of Brucella species in marine mammals of the German North Sea

Prenger‐Berninghoff¹,

Siebert²,

Stede³

et al. 2008

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…It is unknown whether the presence of antibodies correlates with disease. Brucella-like organisms have been isolated from marine mammal species worldwide including a number of pinnipeds: grey seals (Halichoerus grypus), harp seals (Phoca groenlandica), ringed seals (Phoca hispida), and hooded seals (Cystophora cristata), as well as from parasites found in Pacific harbor seals (Garner et al, 1997;Forbes et al, 2000;Foster et al, 2001); thus a possible route of exposure may be through contact with infected seals. Other possible routes may be similar to those proposed for other marine mammals, including maternal transmission, physical trauma, ingestion, or through an undetermined parasite intermediate (Foster et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Clinical Pathology and Pathogen Exposure in Sea Otters (Enhydra Lutris) Bordering the Threatened Population in Alaska

Goldstein

Gill

Tuomi

et al. 2011

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…Since these first reports, there have been many more isolations and the range of hosts has expanded significantly (Foster et al, 2002). Additional species from which bacteriological cultures have proved positive include the Atlantic white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) (Foster et al, 1996), minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) (Clavareau et al, 1998;Foster et al, 2002), hooded seal (Cystophora cristata), grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) (Foster et al, 1996), Pacific harbour seal (Phoca vitulina richardsi) (Garner et al, 1997), ringed seal (Phoca hispida), harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) (Forbes et al, 2000;Maratea et al, 2003) and a European otter (Lutra lutra) (Foster et al, 1996). In addition, there have also been reports of human infections with strains from marine mammals (Brew et al, 1999;Sohn et al, 2003;McDonald et al, 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucella ceti sp. nov. and Brucella pinnipedialis sp. nov. for Brucella strains with cetaceans and seals as their preferred hosts

Foster

Osterman

Godfroid

et al. 2007

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

411

278

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Small Gram-negative cocco-bacilli resembling Brucella strains have been reported from marine mammals since the mid-1990s. Their placement in the genus Brucella has been supported by the following characteristics: they are aerobic, non-motile and catalase-positive, do not produce acid from carbohydrates and have a DNA-DNA relatedness value of .77 % with the six established members of the genus. Twenty-eight European isolates of the genus Brucella from marine mammals were distinguished from the six recognized species by their pattern of utilization of eleven substrates in oxidative metabolism tests and phage lysis. The 28 strains could be further separated into two groups with cetaceans and seals as their respective preferred hosts on the basis of molecular methods and on differences in the metabolism of L-arabinose, D-galactose and D-xylose. The names Brucella ceti sp. nov. and Brucella pinnipedialis sp. nov. are proposed for the isolates from cetaceans and seals, respectively. The type strain of Brucella ceti sp. nov. is NCTC 12891 T (5BCCN 94-74 T ) and the type strain of Brucella pinnipedialis sp. nov. is NCTC 12890 T (5BCCN 94-73 T ).

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Brucellosis in Ringed Seals and Harp Seals from Canada

Cited by 47 publications

References 9 publications

Incidence of Brucella species in marine mammals of the German North Sea

Incidence of Brucella species in marine mammals of the German North Sea

Assessment of Clinical Pathology and Pathogen Exposure in Sea Otters (Enhydra Lutris) Bordering the Threatened Population in Alaska

Brucella ceti sp. nov. and Brucella pinnipedialis sp. nov. for Brucella strains with cetaceans and seals as their preferred hosts

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