Brunneroma: A Case of Uncommon Gastrointestinal Bleeding in a Young Adult

Abstract

Brunner's gland hyperplasia (BGH) or Brunneroma is an uncommon benign proliferative lesion of the small intestine. It is primarily found in the duodenal submucosa, and its main function is to create an alkalinebased mucus to protect the duodenum from stomach acid. BGH can manifest as hyperplasia or a polypoidal tumor and is often discovered incidentally during endoscopy or imaging. Less than 200 cases have been reported in the literature, and it rarely causes gastrointestinal bleeding. In this case report, we present a case of a 25-year-old male who presented with bloody stools and fainting due to severe anemia and underlying gastrointestinal pathology.

Giardiasis Presenting as a Brunner Gland Hyperplasia

“…BGH is a benign finding, and there are only rare case reports of duodenal tumors, with less than 200 cases reported in the literature. 8 BGH is sometimes used interchangeably with Brunneroma, Brunner gland adenoma, or hamartoma. Their distinction is arbitrary, although a size description has been described by Patel et al, from the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology: 9 Lesions <5 mm in size either solitary or multiple are considered hyperplasia.…”