Brushing Plus Vibratory Rolling Enhances Topdressing Incorporation on Ultradwarf Bermudagrass Putting Greens

Kauffman, John M.; Sorochan, John C.; Brosnan, James T.

doi:10.1094/ats-2011-0126-03-rs

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Across factors, sand removed was reduced to nearly one‐third from Sand Application 1 to Sand Application 2. In accord with what has been demonstrated in the literature previously, cultivation of any sort prior to topdressing enhances the incorporation of applied sand (Kauffman et al., 2011; Kowalewski et al., 2012; Murphy, 2012; Stier & Hollman, 2003).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…In the same study and in many others, researchers associated greater observed removal with higher density cultivars (Carrow, 2004; Fraser, 1998; McCarty, Gregg, Toler, Camberato, & Hill, 2005; Stier & Hollman, 2003). Alongside the higher topdressing rates applied in our experiment, the greater removal we observed may have been attributed to lower mowing heights, lack of cultivation, or differences in irrigation applied (Kauffman, Sorochan, & Brosnan, 2011; Stier & Hollman, 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Cultivation, cultivar, and topdressing moisture effects on settling of topdressing sand

Bearss

Rogers

Crum

2020

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

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Two desirable traits consistent in emerging creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) cultivars are increased canopy density and fine leaf texture. Although the former is often associated with reduced incorporation of applied materials into the turf system, the effects of the latter have not yet been characterized. Some practitioners believe these boundaries can be overcome by topdressing with a dried sand, which they propose settles differently than conventional moist sand. In 2018, two topdressing studies were conducted to evaluate incorporation of moist and dried topdressing sands when applied to six creeping bentgrass cultivars of varying textures into vertically mowed and uncultivated systems. Cultivars were topdressed with dried sand or with moist sand and then incorporated with one of two brushing systems. Across trials, neither brush consistently outperformed the other. A larger proportion of applied topdressing sand was retained by the vertically mowed system and was unaffected by the moisture content of sand. Less sand was retained by uncultivated systems, and the distribution of both sands changed significantly. For moist sands, finer‐textured cultivars, in general, corresponded with greater removal of coarse fractions and a greater retention of fine fractions. Therefore, we provide supporting evidence that topdressing into vertically mowed systems, regardless of sand moisture content, results in enhanced sand incorporation. When topdressing uncultivated, fine‐textured bentgrass putting green systems, however, practitioners could benefit from topdressing with dried sands.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Cultivation, cultivar, and topdressing moisture effects on settling of topdressing sand

Bearss

Rogers

Crum

2020

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

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“…This is an interesting finding considering that differences among cultural management practices, with respect to thatch depth, were not observed. It is speculated that increased frequency of cultural management practice applications enabled greater incorporation of topdressing sand, resulting in the increased surface firmness that was observed; this concept has been demonstrated previously (Kauffman et al, 2011). In a study on TifEagle UDB, incorporation of topdressing sand was enhanced by brushing and vibratory rolling; this increased surface firmness but had no effect on the observed thatch depths (Kauffman et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Ultradwarf Bermudagrass Performance as Influenced by Cultivar Selection and Cultural Management Practice

et al. 2017

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Ultradwarf bermudagrass (UDB) [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt‐Davy] cultivars are prolific thatch producers, a trait linked to decreased playability and plant health. A 2‐yr study was conducted to evaluate impacts of cultural management practice and cultivar selection on plant health and playability of ‘Champion’ and ‘MiniVerde’ UDB cultivars. Cultural management practices included standard weekly applications of vertical mow (VM); weekly applications of VM with once monthly substitutions of alternative slice, spike, and scarify practices; and once monthly applications of slice, spike, and scarify practices alone. Plant health was assessed as turf quality and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and playability as ball roll distance and surface firmness. Additional assessments included uncompressed thatch depths, root length, and root weight. Standard VM practices provided the lowest turf quality and the firmest golf green surfaces; once monthly applications of alternative slice, spike, and scarify practices provided the highest turf quality and the softest golf green surfaces; and once monthly substitutions of slice, spike, and scarify practices in weekly VM regimes provided an intermediate level of turf quality and golf green surface firmness. The turf quality of MiniVerde was generally higher than that of Champion. The NDVI was similar between the two cultivars, but greater NDVI was observed on Champion during late‐season months of 2012. Neither cultural management practices nor cultivar selection affected thatch depth, root length, root weight, or ball roll distance. These results support previous UDB management studies and further suggest that alternative approaches to standard VM practices may be necessary to optimize UDB performance.

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“…vibrator rollers or similar techniques may contribute to a firmer surface than was detected in the present study. Kauffman et al (2011) reported combination of brushing and vibratory rolling resulted in better incorporation of topdressing sand in dense ultradwarf bermudagrass putting greens and produced higher surface hardness compared to brushing or rolling itself and the control. Maintenance of surface firmness using SIC provides evidence that such techniques are effective at incorporating sand without use of vibratory rollers.…”

Section: Crop Sciencementioning

confidence: 95%

Short‐term effects of alternative cultivation practices on putting green infiltration rates

2021

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Core aerification iscommonly used to manage organic matter and improve soil physical conditions of putting greens. Most methods of core aerification are labor intensive and temporarily reduce the playability of greens. Less invasive cultivation techniques are available, but their specific effects on playability and drainage properties of greens are often less understood. The objective of this study was to assess the shortterm effects of air-injection cultivation (AIC), sand-injection cultivation (SIC), and hollow-tine cultivation (HTC) on playability characteristics and soil physical properties of putting greens. A field study was conducted at the Oklahoma State University Turfgrass Research Center in Stillwater, OK, on a creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L. 'Penncross') green from September 2017 to September 2019. Cultivation type and timing of application were arranged in a split-plot design with four replications. Cultivation type was defined as either AIC, SIC, or HTC, and each was applied in spring, summer, and fall. Compared with the control, HTC reduced surface firmness by 5% at 28 d after cultivation event (DACE), increased infiltration by 87% at 28 DACE, reduced ball roll distance by 6% up to 14 DACE, and reduced normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) by 10% up to 14 DACE. Neither AIC nor SIC had a detectable effect on measured variables. Results suggest a single application of AIC or SIC has minimal short-term effects on soil physical properties or surface playability of putting greens.

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Brushing Plus Vibratory Rolling Enhances Topdressing Incorporation on Ultradwarf Bermudagrass Putting Greens

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Cultivation, cultivar, and topdressing moisture effects on settling of topdressing sand

Cultivation, cultivar, and topdressing moisture effects on settling of topdressing sand

Ultradwarf Bermudagrass Performance as Influenced by Cultivar Selection and Cultural Management Practice

Short‐term effects of alternative cultivation practices on putting green infiltration rates

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