Bubble Rotational Features – Preliminary Investigations

Marks, Roman

doi:10.4172/2332-2632.1000128

Cited by 7 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Experiments on the rotational features of a rising bubble (Marks, 2014) suggest that interaction with ions in "clean or relatively clean" sea water can separate cations and anions into charge polarized and oppositely rotating domains. The principle on which ions are separated by rising bubbles is based on mass differences between the main ionic hydrates (Cland Na + ) that compose sea water.…”

Section: Rising Bubblesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using a Cl/Na atomic mass equal to 1.542 (Kropman and Bakker, 2001) the bubble mediated selection of ions that collide with bubble outer curvatures may be based on ionic hydrate mass differences. Anionic hydrates are more resistant to displacement and concentrate on the upper bubble half sphere, while lighter and smaller cationic hydrates are drawn to a low pressure area, associated with the bubble bottom half sphere and sub-bubble vortex (Marks, 2014;2015). Ionic motion accelerated at the moment of Ocean Sci.…”

Section: Rising Bubblesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…interception with a bubble boundary may exceed times the gravitational acceleration, which generates opposite directed rotations, anionic-dextrorotary (a-dx) on the bubble upper curvature and cationic-levorotary (c-lv) on the bubble bottom half sphere (Marks, 2014).…”

Section: Rising Bubblesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About 50% of kinetic wave energy imparted into ocean wave motions is dissipated by bubbles (Terray et al, 1996). The bubble motions including the rotational kinetics (Marks, 2014; 2015) play a significant role in redistribution of radiant solar energy absorbed by the near surface water. The energy dissipation continues from the moment of bubble formation in the water column and after the bubble bursts at the sea surface, where a share of rotational kinetic energy is transferred into jet droplets (Marks, 2014).…”

Section: Bubbles Burst At Water-air Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

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Rising bubbles as mechanism for scavenging and aerosolization of diatoms

Marks

Górecka

Cartney

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Bubbles rising in clean saline water cause steady displacement of ions at the bubble boundaries that separate anions and cations based on ion mass. Anions of greater mass are resistant to displacement and concentrate on the bubble upper half sphere, while smaller and less massive cations are displaced towards lower pressure of the bottom half sphere. The separation into anionic and cationic domains on the bubble curvatures creates electric polarity that may draw particulates dispersed in the water. Viable diatoms as well as bacteria develop negative charge on outer membranes, that are attracted to the cationic bubble bottom half sphere and pocket. When bubble bursts at the air/water interface the diatoms and bacteria are ejected into the air with initial or secondary jet droplets that are projected upward with a small water column derived from a cationic vortex. Experiments conducted in brackish and oceanic saline water on Nanofrustulum and Cyclotella cells indicated that the averaged concentration in jet droplets compared to the original water volume (here termed the enrichment factor) for aerosolized diatoms may range from 8 to 307.

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Section: Rising Bubblesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rising Bubblesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rising Bubblesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bubbles Burst At Water-air Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Rising bubbles as mechanism for scavenging and aerosolization of diatoms

Marks

Górecka

Cartney

et al. 2017

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…It has been indicated that these microorganisms may cause gastrointestinal disturbances, airways disorders and skin allergies [9][10][11][12][13]. Since microorganisms which are present in the seawater may be easily transferred into the atmospheric air, it is important to monitor the sanitary and epidemiological conditions of the seawater and coastal air [6,14]. Thus, the supervision over the disposal of treated sewage into the gulf of gdansk (among others from the two largest sewage treatment plants in Poland) has become a necessity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of faecal bacteria isolated from air and seawater samples following an emergency sewage discharge into the Gulf of Gdansk in 2018 — preliminary study

Michalska

Zorena

Bartoszewicz

2019

International Maritime Health

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Background: Knowing the numbers of bacteria in coastal atmospheric air as well as in coastal waters significantly contributes to a better understanding of the processes affecting the health of people who stay temporarily or permanently in areas where the synergistic effect of the atmospheric conditions and the aquatic environment on a human body is particularly strong. Materials and methods: Seawater and air samples were collected from 22 May to 22 July 2018 in the seaside towns of Hel, Puck, Gdynia, Sopot, Gdansk-Brzezno, all located along the Gulf of Gdansk. The number of psychrophilic, mesophilic as well as coliform bacteria and escherichia coli was determined in both the water and the ambient air samples. In total, 232 seawater and coastal air samples were collected for the study purposes. Results: The study showed a deterioration of coastal waters and atmospheric air in the Gulf of Gdansk which may have resulted from an increase of potentially pathogenic mesophilic bacteria following the emergency discharge of raw sewage from the Gdansk-Wschod wastewater plant. Conclusions: An increase in the number of coliform bacteria and escherichia coli in the seawater and in the air across the Gulf of Gdansk is related to the emergency sewage discharge.

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The emergency discharge of sewage to the Bay of Gdańsk as a source of bacterial enrichment in coastal air

Michalska

Zorena

Marks

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The purpose of this research was to study the presence of potential pathogenic bacteria in the seawater and air in five coastal towns (Hel, Puck, Gdynia, Sopot, Gdańsk-Brzeźno) as well as the enrichment of bacteria from the seawater into the coastal air after an emergency discharge of sewage into the Bay of Gdańsk. A total of 594 samples of air and seawater were collected in the coastal zone between spring and summer (between 2014 and 2018). Air samples were collected using the impact method with a SAS Super ISO 100. The multivariate analysis, conducted using contingency tables, showed a statistically significant variation between the concentration of coliforms, psychrophilic and mesophilic bacteria in the seawater microlayer and air in 2018, after an emergency discharge of sewage into the Bay of Gdańsk, compared to 2014–2017. Moreover, we detected a marine aerosol enrichment in psychrophilic, mesophilic bacteria, coliforms and Escherichia coli. We also showed a statistically significant relationship between the total concentration of bacteria and humidity, air temperature, speed and wind direction. This increased concentration of bacteria in the seawater and coastal air, and the high factor of air enrichment with bacteria maybe associated with the emergency discharge of wastewater into the Bay of Gdańsk. Therefore, it is suggested that in the event of a malfunction of a sewage treatment plant, as well as after floods or sudden rainfall, the public should be informed about the sanitary and epidemiological status of the coastal waters and be recommended to limit their use of coastal leisure areas.

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Bubble Rotational Features – Preliminary Investigations

Abstract: During the experiments bubbles were generated in natural sea water or in artificial sea water by the effervescence method using a small (c. 1/10 of Salt Ems factitium (SEf) pill; by adding a small amount of sea salt or by adding 0.

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Rising bubbles as mechanism for scavenging and aerosolization of diatoms

Rising bubbles as mechanism for scavenging and aerosolization of diatoms

Analysis of faecal bacteria isolated from air and seawater samples following an emergency sewage discharge into the Gulf of Gdansk in 2018 — preliminary study

The emergency discharge of sewage to the Bay of Gdańsk as a source of bacterial enrichment in coastal air

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