Bubbly Mold Flow in Continuous Casting: Comparison of Numerical Flow Simulations with Water Model Measurements

Abstract

The impact on the mold flow of inert gas bubbles originating from a gas injection at the top of the submerged entry nozzle is investigated. Results from a physical model using water and air are compared with corresponding numerical flow simulation results. In numerical models, the bubble velocities are determined by calculating the force equilibrium between buoyancy, drag force, and other forces acting on the bubbles. For the observed bubble size in the physical model, the so‐determined rising velocity of the bubbles is significantly too high in comparison to the water model experiment. Various effects can influence the rising velocity of bubbles. One of them is that the presence of turbulence obviously reduces the rising velocity. The influence of turbulence models and of a turbulence‐induced bubble drag modification is analyzed in numerical flow simulations and compared to water model results.

Flue gas waste heat affects algal liquid temperature for microalgal production in column photobioreactors

“…After being expelled, bubbles experience the rapid influence of drag, buoyancy, and surface tension forces, often involving intricate morphological and dynamic parameter changes. This includes behaviors such as bubble deformation, fragmentation, and coalescence 24–26 . In the presence of temperature differences between the gas and liquid phases, rapid and intricate heat transfer processes occur between bubbles and the surrounding liquid phase.…”

“…This includes behaviors such as bubble deformation, fragmentation, and coalescence. [24][25][26] In the presence of temperature differences between the gas and liquid phases, rapid and intricate heat transfer processes occur between bubbles and the surrounding liquid phase. Consequently, a high-temperature region is observed at the inlet where a substantial influx of bubbles induces intense turbulent flow in the water.…”

Visualization of inclusions in a water model for continuous casting of steel

“…The transparency of the mould walls in the water model allows visualization of the flow, e.g. utilizing the PIV method to determine the velocity field based on particle tracking [1,2]. In the previous experimental models, silicone oil was mainly used to simulate molten casting powder at the water surface [3].…”

Investigation of Inclusion Removal at Steel–Slag Interface toward a Small‐Scale Criterion for Particle Separation

“…By contrast, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations have shown great potential in providing detailed insights into complex multiphase regimes and interfacial phenomena, such as the liquid-gas bubbles flow inside the submerged entry nozzle and slag entrapment into the liquid pool in the continuous casting process. [29][30][31] Concerning inclusion particle removal at the steel-slag interface, Liu et al [32] recently studied a solid particle drifting in steel and motion at the interface by a phase-field model. In addition, Zhang et al [33] concentrated on the three-phase interactions and simulated the particle separation process at the steel-slag interface employing a dynamic mesh technique.…”