Buchholzia coriacea Leaves Attenuated Dyslipidemia and Oxidative Stress in Hyperlipidemic Rats and Its Potential Targets In Silico

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate how the solvent extract of Buchholzia coriacea (BCE), a widely known hypolipidemic agent, could contribute to hyperlipidemia treatment and identify the potential bioactive compounds. We studied Wistar albino rats, dividing them into seven groups: the normal control, normal rats treated with 400 mg/kg.b.wt of BCE (NRG group), the hyperlipidemic control (HPC group), hyperlipidemic rats treated with atorvastatin, a standard control drug (SC group), as well as 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg.b.wt of BCE extract respectively (T1, T2, T3 groups). The potential compounds that functioned in BCE extract were analyzed by in silico binding to acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FASN). The binding affinities and drug-like properties of the compounds were determined using virtual screening and absorption distribution metabolism excretion and toxicity prediction analysis. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, and 44 chemical compounds in the leaf extract of BCE. BCE significantly reduced the levels of triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, atherogenic coefficient, atherogenic index, and coronary risk index, while enhancing the levels of high-density lipoprotein and cardioprotective index in comparison to the HPC group. The BCE reduced malondialdehyde quantities, which exhibit high levels in HPC. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities as well as glutathione levels, which are otherwise reduced in HPC, were increased upon the BCE treatment. Among the identified BCE compounds, lupenone and 2,7-dimethylnaphthalene exhibited the highest binding affinities to ACC and FASN, suggesting that these two compounds might be the bioactive BCE components displaying hypolipidemic properties. BCE is found to be beneficial in blocking hyperlipidemia through the modulation of lipid profile, the protection of cardiovascular function, as well as the suppression of oxidative stress. BCE may be a natural source for exploring novel drugs for the treatment of dyslipidemia.

Incidence of Prediabetes and its Development Risk Factors among Bachelor Students at Kampala International University's Western Campus in Uganda

“…We observed that prediabetes was prevalent among middle aged, e.g. [22,23]. We noted that among KIU-WC bachelor students, a large number were nonhypertensive, did not smoke cigarettes and most female students were unmarried or had never been pregnant thus zero reports of gestational diabetes.…”

“…The prevalence of prediabetes among KIU-WC bachelor students was found to be 19.8% thus increasing as projected. Prediabetes is more prevalent among middle-aged or young adults (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35) years. Lifestyle modification is the cornerstone in the prevention of prediabetes and/or delays its progression to T2DM in a given population.…”

Assessment of Infection Control Measures and Risk Factors at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital in Bushenyi District: A Study on Staff Awareness and Implementation

“…Individuals with compromised immunity are at a greater risk of infection [22][23][24][25]. More than 90% knew that overcrowding eases the spread of infections in hospital wards.…”

Ethanol Leaf Extract of Buchholzia coriacea Ameliorates Biochemical Dysregulations Due to Rheumatoid Arthritis in Wistar Albino Rats

“…It has assorted medicinal values. It is credited with hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and lipid peroxidationreducing properties (19)(20)(21). Its anti-microbial, antihelmintic, and antifungal properties have been documented (22,23).…”